Vol 13, No 1 (2014)

Russia is one of the countries with the high prevalence of arterial hypertension affecting 40% of the population. Optimization of the treatment of this condition remains a major challenge to healthcare services despite a wide spectrum of medicamental and non-medicamental modalities currently available for this purpose. The objective of the present work was to substantiate the use of therapeutic baths containing “Tonus+” salts and develop methodology of such treatment as a component of combined rehabilitative therapy of the patients presenting with hypertensive disease. The study included randomized examination and treatment of 42 patients with stage 1 and II hypertensive disease (mean age 53.8 ± 2.7 years). The patients were allocated to two groups matched for age, gender, and clinical conditions. Group 1 was comprised of 20 patients treated with the application of “Tonus+” baths. Other patients (n = 22) given general soft-water baths constituted the control group. Laboratory studies included hematological and biochemical analyses, functional diagnostic procedures with the use of veloergometer, and psychological diagnostics based on the hospital anxiety-depression scale (HSAD) and the subjective asthenia scale (MFI-20). The results of this study made it possible to develop the method for the rehabilitative treatment of the patients presenting with stage I and II hypertensive disease with the use of therapeutic baths containing “Tonus+” salts in combination with manual massage and basal hypotensive therapy. It is concluded that combined balneotherapy has positive effect on the main components of pathogenesis of hypertensive disease, improves the adaptive potential of the organism, and enhances the effectiveness of the treatment and the quality of life of the patients.

The objective of the present study was to develop the new technology for the treatment of chronic laryngitis in the professional voice and speech specialists. This objective was achieved by means of combined application of specific bacteriophage, instrumental vibration, and phonopedic gymnastics. The positive results of such treatment were confirmed by the examination of 80 patients presenting with exacerbated chronic laryngitis and divided into two groups. Patients of the study group (n = 58) were treated using the specially developed technology while those of the control group (n = 22) received standard therapy with a wide spectrum of antibiotics and symptomatic medications. The study included the comparative analysis of dynamics of clinical symptoms, results of endoscopic and stroboscopic examination of the larynx, maximum vowel phonation time, and computer-assisted characteristic of the voice. The new technology was shown to allow to accelerate the reversal of exacerbation by 12-13 days compared with the standard treatment; moreover, it improved the quality of restoration of the affected voice .

The attitude of man to his health is strongly influenced by the quality of life that reflects individual perception of various aspects of the everyday life and current events. The accurate assessment of the quality of the patients’ life is an indispensable prerequisite for the successful treatment and rehabilitation. In the present study, the quality of life of the patients admitted to the departments of neurology and orthopedics was evaluated based on the results obtained with the use of the SF-36 questionnaire. The ongoing clinical condition was estimated using the questionnaire for the assessment of the severity of psychopathological signs and symptoms. The study revealed the close relationship between the quality of life and the severity of psychopathic syndromes which suggests the desirability of including psychic correction into the program of combined rehabilitation of the patients presenting with somatic disorders.

Nitric oxide is continuously produced in the human and animal organism in the course of enzyme-catalyzed processes with the involvement of NO-synthase; it plays the role of an universal regulator of various biological and physiological processes The results of experimental studies and the analysis of the data on the participation of endogenous NO in wound-related pathology and inflammatory processes revealed the main mechanisms and effects of NO-therapy on these processes. NO exerts both direct and indirect (mediated through peroxynitrite synthesis) bactericidal action including induction of phagocytosis of bacteria and necrotic detritus by neutrophils and macrophages, inhibition of free oxygen radicals producing pathogenic effects, activation of antioxidant protection, normalization of microcirculation by virtue of vasodilative and anticogulative NO potency that improves vascular trophicity, tissue metabolism, and nervous conductivity, regulation of immune processes and compensation of disorders associated with wound pathology, direct induction of fibroblast proliferation and protein synthesis, enhancement and regulation of collagen formation, regulation of apoptosis during remodeling of the granulation-fibrous tissue, influence on keratocyte proliferation and epithelization of the wound defect.

Thesis of O.I. Denisova has the objective to estimate the possibility of identification of predictors of the risk of development of cerebral ischemia in the newborn infants, the necessity of prophylactic measures in the perinatal period, and the scientifically-based substantiation of the application of physiotherapeutic techniques, such as general magnetic therapy and hyperbaric oxygenation, for the combined treatment of the children presenting with cerebral ischemia in the perinatal and neonatal periods. The analysis of the results of the study gave evidence of the high effectiveness of perinatal application of hyperbaric oxygen therapy that promotes a significant (by 26.4%) reduction in the probability of the development of cerebral ischemia in newborn infants and the 16.4% and 2.6% decrease in the number of patients with moderately severe and severe forms of the disease, respectively. The introduction of magnetic therapy into the combined treatment of the children with cerebral ischemia accelerates normalization of clinical, laboratory, and instrumental manifestations of the disease; moreover, it significantly (by 18.2%) decreases the number of children suffering retardation of the neuro-psychic development.

The objective of the present study was to estimate the clinical effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy and the treatment of plantar fasciitis (heel spur). The patients of the study and control groups (n = 47 and n = 30 respectively) were managed with the use of hydrocortisone phonophoresis and cryotherapy targeted at the heel region. For the patients of the study group, these physiotherapeutic modalities were supplemented by shock wave therapy (frequency 15 Hz and energy level 1.8-3 bars) with a total of 3,000 pulses for a session, once every 5 days. The pulses were applied to the most painful point and along the plantar aponeurosis. The marked clinical improvement in the patients’ condition was documented in 86.6% of the cases of the study group compared with 40% in the control group. The moderate improvement was observed in 26.6% of the patients while any clinical effect was absent in 33.3% of the cases.

The objective of the present study was to estimate the possibilities and advantages of hydrokinesitherapy based on a small pool and rehabilitation bath and/or a classical hydromassage bath as well as the use of the dry immersion technique in the framework of the programs of comprehensive rehabilitation of the patients presenting with acute disturbances of cerebral circulation. Hydrokinesitherapy with the application of the above equipment ensures the maximum freedom of movements by virtue of gravity loss during immersion of the whole body into the water in the pool or in the hydromassage bath. The freedom of movements, in its turn, makes it possible to perform exercises designed to improve stretching, flexibility, and enhancement of joint range of motion (elimination of contractures and spastic muscular tone). Simultaneously, the possibility arises for educating the patients in motion patterns, keeping balance, equilibrium skills, walking, etc. The application of these methods based at the small rehabilitation department of a city hospital became possible due to the use of innovative equipment having new functional properties and convenient consumer-oriented characteristics.