Physiotherapeutic Approaches in the Comprehensive Management of Peripheral Artery Disease and Diabetes Mellitus



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Abstract

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) represent a significant medical and social problem associated with a high risk of cardiovascular complications, amputations, and disability. The coexistence of these conditions markedly worsens prognosis, increases the severity of ischemia, and raises the incidence of trophic disorders, including diabetic foot syndrome (DFS). Modern management of patients with PAD and DM relies on a multidisciplinary strategy, where physiotherapists play a key role. Their expertise encompasses optimization of physical activity, prevention of complications, wound care, and rehabilitation after vascular reconstructive interventions. This review presents current directions in physiotherapeutic care: supervised exercise therapy (SET) for intermittent claudication, prehabilitation programs, early mobilization protocols, and strategies for restoring physical activity after ulcer healing or amputations. Special attention is given to offloading techniques, the use of biophysical modalities (e.g., laser therapy, magnetotherapy), and the individualization of exercise regimens for patients with diabetes. Barriers to SET implementation and the need for educational programs and certification courses in chronic wound management for physiotherapists are also discussed. Integrating physiotherapy into comprehensive care for patients with PAD and DM improves functional status, reduces complications, and enhances quality of life, as confirmed by clinical research evidence.

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СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
Регистрационный номер и дата принятия решения о регистрации СМИ: серия ЭЛ № ФС 77 - 80650 от 15.03.2021 г.