A new algorithm for coregistration of digital elevationmodels (ilem)

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Abstract

This paper proposes a new algorithm that allows performing a high-precision fitting of multi-temporal digital elevation models, which do not have appropriate geographic reference, in order to calculate the difference in elevation over a known time interval. Similar algorithms exist, the proposed algorithm is based on different principles, and therefore it can complement the toolkit for spatial data coregistration. The paper describes the stages of the algorithm operation, which in generalized form includes first the adjustment of the registered model to the reference model in plan, then – in vertical direction. The algorithm was tested on 2 sites and different kinds of data: 1) the 2014 landslide site in the valley of the Geysernaya River in Kamchatka using space imagery and stereo photogrammetry (ArcticDEM), and 2) an erosion monitoring site in the Gitche-Gizhgit catchment in the Greater Caucasus using aerial photography and a structure-from-motion approach (UAV). The proposed algorithm is effectively applicable to data of different origin, detail, spatial coverage. Conditions for its effective application: 1) presence of any significant areas with unchanged relief, 2) presence of a pronounced pattern of topographic dissection (texture of image / digital elevation model). It is shown that the refinement of the geographical reference of the registered elevation model significantly improves estimates of the volumes of denuded and accumulated material, which is especially important in the tasks of dynamic geomorphology. In the given examples, the registration error of digital elevation models decreased from 3–4 to almost 70 times. The volumes of surface changes in the areas of reliably prevailing denudation were corrected both in magnitude (as a rule, downward) and in sign.

About the authors

S. V. Kharchenko

Lomonosov Moscow State University; Institute of Geography, RAS

Author for correspondence.
Email: xar4enkkoff@yandex.ru

Faculty of Geography

Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Variants of hexagonal grid generation to search for stable sites in the braided section of the Geysernaya River. In all cases the grid step D = 15 m. Polygon size: (а) – 1D, (б) – 0.7D, (в) – 1.5D, (г) – size 2D.

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3. Fig. 2. DEM co-registration workflow using the ILEM algorithm. Mandatory items are numbered. Abbreviations: ОФП – orthophoto, реф. – reference, рег. – registered, стат. – statistical.

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4. Fig. 3. The Geysernaya river valley (Kamchatka). (а) – photoplan of the site (ESRI Imagery), (б)–(в) – elevation differences for 2012–2020 before and after co-registration, (г)–(д) – the same for 2012–2022.

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5. Fig. 4. The Gitche-Gizhgit site (Greater Caucasus). (а) – orthophotoplan of the site for 2020, (б) – digital elevation model for 2020, (в) – elevation difference for 2020–2022 without co-registration, (г) – elevation difference for 2020–2023 after co-registration.

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