Vol 19, No 6 (2020)

Background. Due to the fact that it is not always possible to reproduce all known manifestations of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism disorders, for example, in rodents, it is necessary to verify individual pathogenetic links in animals when modeling the metabolic syndrome in order to select the most optimal natural biotropic factors for studying the effect on them.

Aims: To analyze metabolic disorders in the modeling of metabolic syndrome of alimentary genesis in comparison with the combined effect of alimentary factor and chemical agents to select the most appropriate model in the study of natural and weak preformed physical factors.

Materials and methods. Metabolic syndrome was modeled in 47 sexually mature outbred white male rats using a hypercaloric diet (HD) of various duration and medications. The first series was the 1st control group (CG1) and the 1st experimental group (EG1). They received HD during 180 days, they were withdrawn from the experiment 30 days after the cancellation of HD. The second series was the 2nd control group (CG2) and three experimental groups. They received HD for 60 days, where the 2nd group (EG2) in association with HD received Mercazolil (10 mg/kg of animal weight) intragastrically for 14 days starting from the 21st day; the 3rd group (EG3) had the same scheme of treatment as in EG2, besides, after taking Mercazolil, they were intramuscularly injected with Nitox 200 at 25 mg/kg once per day during 5 days. Animals of EG2 and EG3 were withdrawn from the experiment 60 days after ending of HD. Animals of the 4th experimental group (EG4) got HD and the same medicine as in EG3. They left the experiment 30 days after ending HD. The content of hormones and biochemical parameters of protein, fat, and carbohydrate in peripheral blood was evaluated using multiple inter-group comparisons and intra-group relationships by Spearman’s rank correlation method.

Results. There have been detected a large number of biochemical signs of dependence of metabolism regulation on leptin level after long-term HD (180 days), while there were fewer biochemical signs of protein exchange disorder less than with the combined use of HD (60 days) and drugs.

Conclusion. It is more appropriate and promising to use a long-term HD as a model of MS close to the natural conditions of its formation, to study the influence of natural and weak preformed physical factors.

Background. Acne scar formation is a common consequence of acne vulgaris, in most cases atrophic scars resulting from tissue loss caused by inflammation of the pilosebial units.

Aims: To study the effectiveness of combined laser therapy with Nd:YAG laser and Er: YAG laser with autologous plasma with cells in patients with different phenotypes of post-acne atrophic scars.

Materials and methods. Depending on the method of treatment of post-acne scars, the patients were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (n=28) with ice pick scars — 10 patients; boxcar — 9 patients; rolling — 9 patients and group 1 (n=30) among them with ice pick scars — 10; boxcar — 9; rolling — 11 patients. In group 1A, phototherapy was performed using a combination of Nd:YAG laser and Er:YAG laser. Immediately after laser exposure, autologous plasma was applied to the skin of the face of group 1B patients. To assess the effectiveness, the Manchester scale of assessment of scar deformities was used. The effectiveness was also evaluated using the Global Aesthetic Scale (GAIS) on a 3-point system. In this study, cutometry and ultrasound were performed to assess the elasticity of the skin in the foci of atrophy.

Results. The indicator "color" on the MSS scale improved in the 1st group by 54.8%, in the 2nd — by 83.7%, the indicator "texture" — by 57.1 and 78.1%, the indicator "relief" — by 43.8 and 66.7%, the indicator "displacement" — by 54.9 and 82.1%, respectively. There were no patients with a deterioration or lack of effect on the GAIS scale in any of the study groups. According to the ultrasound scan data, the greatest effectiveness was observed in the group of complex treatment .

Conclusion. Complex treatment, including the use of combined laser therapy (erbium and neodymium lasers) and autologous plasma with cells, is a highly effective technique for the treatment of atrophic post-acne scars.

Background. The annual death rate from stroke in Russia remains the highest in the world.

Aims: To study the influence of combined methods of medical rehabilitation on the psychological status and functional independence of patients with post-stroke spasticity.

Materials and methods. The article presents data on the effectiveness of the influence on the psychological status and functional independence of the combined methods of medical rehabilitation in 60 patients with ischemic stroke with movement disorders in the form of hemiparesis with increased muscle tone by the type of spasticity in the long-term period. The patients were divided into 2 groups comparable in terms of clinical and functional characteristics: the main group (n=30), who received combined methods of physiotherapy (thermotherapy, oxygen therapy, oxyhyperthermia, vibrotherapy, aromatherapy) from the Alpha LED Oxu Light Spa™ apparatus in addition to the standard rehabilitation complex , which includes exercise therapy, medical massage, kinesitherapy, and a control group (n=30), who received only a standard rehabilitation complex. To assess the initial psychological status and functional independence of the observed patients undergoing medical rehabilitation in the period from 3 to 6 months after the disease, the SAN method (well-being, activity, mood) and the FIM scale were used.

Results. Before the start of rehabilitation in all patients included in the study. Тhere was a moderate degree of deterioration in well-being, a decrease in activity and mood, as well as a decrease in indicators of independence in everyday life. After the course of treatment (on day 14) and in the long-term period (after 8 months) the patients of the main group had a pronounced positive dynamics of the psycho-emotional status, which was manifested in an improvement in the indicators of well-being — by 1.93 times (by 28%), activity — by 1.95 times (by 29.6%) and mood — by 2.01 times (by 29.8%) points. In the control group, after the standard course of treatment, there was less pronounced dynamics of psychometric indicators. When evaluating the results of functional independence on the FIM scale, there was a significant improvement in the indicators of independence in everyday life by 32%.

Conclusion. The use of combined methods of medical rehabilitation in patients with post-stroke spasticity contributes to a significant increase in their quality of life and psychological status, which is confirmed by the FIM and SAN tests.

The research objective is to determine the prospects for the development of balneology in the Republic of North Ossetia — Alania.

Mineral waters, therapeutic peloids (clay terclites), spa research, statistical methods. Pyatigorsk Scientific Research Institute of Resort Study developed a strategy of balneology development in Republic of North Ossetia — Alania. There have been conducted route studies of bioclimatic and microclimatic features of medical and health areas. Their modern landscape, climatic potential and prospects of resort methods of climate treatment and landscape therapy have been assessed. There have also been carried out a full physical and chemical study of samples of mineral waters (21 samples) and medical mud (2 samples) in native form in accordance with the regulatory and technical documents of the Russian Federation. The conducted analysis of mineral waters and peloids showed that in the Republic of North Ossetia — Alania there are mineral waters of various physical and chemical composition and mineralization and low-mineralized sulfate magnesium-calcium-sodium therapeutic clays-terclites having a high balneotherapeutic activity.

An electronic search for publications on the results of the use of hyperthermia (HT) in medicine was carried out using the Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Global Health, CyberLeninka, RSCI, international and regional journals, materials of international congresses, congresses and conferences. The review analyzes the results of experimental and clinical studies on local hyperthermia (LHT) in inflammatory, allergic and other diseases. In vitro experiments have shown that LHT increases the antibacterial activity of serum, as well as the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Clinical studies have established a therapeutic effect of LHT in rhinitis of various etiologies, purulent sinusitis, viral human papilloma, fibromyalgia, injuries of the musculoskeletal system, chronic prostatitis. Analysis shows that the therapeutic effect of LHT is associated not only with direct bacteriostatic and bactericidal actions, but also with an indirect effect on the course of the disease, namely, modulation of the activity of antigen-presenting cells, increased blood and lymph circulation, and increased metabolism. It is also important that LHT increases the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy in drug-resistant forms of the inflammatory process.

Thus, the wide range of biological action of LHT allows us to consider it as a promising therapeutic method in various fields of medicine.

The manual provides data on the use of physiotherapeutic factors in dermatocosmetology and provides guidelines for their use in the rehabilitation and rehabilitation treatment of patients after plastic surgery. The authors also paid attention to the peculiarities of their clinical use, taking into account microcirculatory changes and stages of the postoperative period.