The History of Formation of Biosphere Approach in Evolutionism in the USSR

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Resumo

The article is devoted to the history of evolutionism in the USSR. The main approaches to evolution research are phylogenetic and biosphere approaches. Phylogenetic approach was typical for Darwinism and Modern Synthesis. Adherents to this approach described the development of phyletic lines without explaining the aspects of macroevolution in biotic communities. Adherents to biosphere approach have come to understand the evolution of the living world as a succession of ecosystems in geological time. The approach to the evolution of biota as a single system can be seen in the works of L. S. Berg and D. N. Sobolev; subsequently the biosphere approach in the modern sense began to develop thanks to V. I. Vernadsky and a number of Russian ecologists. Thus, the biosphere approach in evolutionism developed in the USSR along with the Modern Synthesis.

Sobre autores

M. Kozlova

S. I. Vavilov Institute for the History of Science and Technology

Email: mariannakozlova@yandex.ru
Ul. Baltiyskaya, 14, Moscow, 125315, Russia

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