Vol 144, No 3 (2024)

The morphogenetic properties of a collagen gel prepared by acetic acid extraction from the tendon sheaths (peritenons) of the paravertebral tendons of Wistar rats were studied. The gel was used as a substrate during in vitro cultivation together with mesenchymal stromal cells for 14 days in the growth and osteogenic incubation media. It has been established that the collagen framework of the peritenon substrate is strengthened by increasing the connectivity of fibrillar nodes and is structured with the formation of lamellar and tangle formations. Sesamoid globules, penetrating into the substrate from the initial peritenon gel, during cultivation remain inert in the growth medium, but exhibit an increased ability to structure calcium phosphates in the osteogenic medium. The formation of cell-mediated structures occurs by directions of fibro-, tendo-, ligament- and osteogenic differentiation. The fibrogenic direction provides a structuring framework; the tenogenic direction – the formation of embryonic tendons according to the mechanism of lateral assembly of collagen subfibrils on cell surfaces and their autonomization in the form of tendon filament primordia; the ligamentogenic direction – structuring of collagen ribbons associated with tangles and elastic fibers; the osteogenic direction – the formation of lamellar, trabecular and nodular osteoid structures through intramembranous ossification, accompanied by activation of alkaline phosphatase and mineralization. The formation of enthesis predictors is the organization of commissures between mechanically different-phase components of osteoid structures and frame. A classification of taxonomic forms has been developed and a hypothesis has been proposed about the role of evolutionary tools in the structuring of the collagen framework in tissue cultures in vitro. The classification of taxonomic forms has been developed and a hypothesis has been proposed about the role of evolutionary tools in the structuring of the collagen framework in tissue cultures in vitro.

Since the dawn of humanity, human beings have inherently sought a state of security, trying to make their existence as comfortable as possible. Accordingly, among the many factors affecting human health, comfort and well-being, the quality of the micro-environment and ecology, as well as the health care system and health-saving resources, are important. In this regard, environmental security, with its systemic nature, brings a significant contribution to the PPM model by optimizing the state of balance in the interrelationship of natural, anthropogenic, physiological and social processes. Accordingly, individualized nutrition and pharmacointervention for preventive and prophylactic purposes, being important tools for health preservation, represent an integrative approach aimed at understanding the interaction between nutrition and the environment within the formed or formed lifestyle. This review will consider the main components of human health protection, as well as their impact on the preservation of ecobiocenosis stability.

Under the influence of hypoxia in the plant organism, the transcription of genes responsible for adaptation to stress caused by low oxygen levels changes. Changes in metabolic pathways under stress conditions may be regulated by microRNAs. It was found that the content of microRNA775A increases in corn leaves under the influence of hypoxia. The use of the fluorescent probe miR775A-ROX made it possible to establish an increase in the number of RNA-inducing silencing complexes (RISC), formed on the basis of microRNA775A, in maize leaves during the development of hypoxic stress. The results obtained indicate that microRNA775A is involved in the processes of adaptation of the body to hypoxic conditions by regulating the expression of target genes at the post-transcriptional level using the RNA interference mechanism.