Physiological and hygienic assessment of the organization of specialized training for high school students

Introduction. The educational activities in children and adolescents are associated with significant potential health risks, especially during the preparation period for the unified state exam. In this regard, there is a need to optimize the management of educational activities to reduce the physiological cost of the educational process.

The purpose of the study is a physiological and hygienic assessment of the management of specialized training of high school students and its impact on the functional state of their body.

Materials and methods. The object of the study was two hundred fifty eight students of the 11^th grade of the medical pre-university. A study was conducted on the specifics of the management of pre-university education, as well as a hygienic assessment of the curriculum. To assess the impact of the educational process on the functional state of the body in high school students, an assessment of the method of proof-reading tests was carried out by mental performance. Also there was performed a study of the psycho-emotional state of the body using the Izard method and the functional state of the body using the method for studying well-being, activity, and mood. The obtained results were processed using descriptive statistics methods.

Results. The similarity of the management of classes with the university form of education is noted. The evaluation of the schedule showed a decrease in the level of academic load over the course of the academic year, as well as the irrationality of scheduling from the point of view of age physiology. During the academic year, positive trend in indicators of mental performance and functional state of the body in students was noted. A high prevalence of pronounced and severe degrees of anxiety-depressive (33.9%) and adverse (29.0%) emotions among high school students was revealed. The relationship between the severity of adverse and anxiety-depressive emotions and the subjective assessment of the state of the body by students is noted.

Limitations. The study was conducted in one educational institution, which is a pre-university medical university, which had an impact on the representativeness of the sample.

Conclusion. The conducted research shows the system of management of pre-university education allows students successful and effective engaging in educational activities, which is reflected in the positive trend in indicators characterizing the functional state of the body in high school students. Measures to prevent the prevalence of adverse and anxiety-depressive emotions among students are proposed.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study was conducted in compliance with the ethical standards of the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association. The design of the study was approved by the Local independent ethical committee of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) (Protocol No. 23-22 of 11/17/2022). Each participant of the study (or his/her legal representative) gave informed voluntary written consent to participate in the study.

Contribution:
Kuchma V.R., Laponova E.D. — the concept and design of the study, editing;
Platonov O.V. — collection and processing of material, statistical processing, writing text;
Makarova A.Yu., Chubarovsky V.V. — editing;
Biryukova N.V. — collection and processing of material;
Leshcheva M.A. — processing of material.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: September 9, 2024 / Revised: September 16, 2024 / Accepted: October 2, 2024 / Published: November 19, 2024