Comparative evaluation of procedures of Russian hygienic and environmental normative-methodical documents on the definition of hazardous waste class

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Abstract

Currently in the world there is no universal scientifically based criteria system aimed at assessing the dangers of waste. There are two waste classification systems adopted in Russia: SP 2.1.7.1386-03 on the degree of the impact on the environment and human health wastes are divided into 4 hazard classes; Criteria of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MNRE) of the Russian Federation on the degree of the negative impact of wastes on the environment are divided into 5 classes of danger. In the Russian practice in all areas of toxicology and health care, in justifying the MAC in the fishery waters 4 classes of dangerous substances are used. The least dangerous substances are referred to class 4 of danger, “a little dangerous.” Any chemical substance under certain conditions can have adverse effects on human health and nature. Introduction of hazard class V in Criteria MPR is contrary to the generally accepted concepts and practice of evaluation of substances. Examples of differences in the contents of two documents are given, indicating the intention of the authors of MPR Criteria to reduce the requirements for waste treatment conditions. The MNRE Criteria miss the very concept and method of the evaluation of substances that have carcinogenic properties. The SP 2.1.7.1386-03 in case of the presence in waste of substances with proven carcinogenicity for humans, assigns to the waste component the highest value of the danger index, other indices may not be considered. This approach is not proposed in MNRE Criteria. They completely ignore results of basic research, which showed the lack of the regular toxicity relationship for bioassays and mammals. MNRE criteria cannot be regarded as the only document on the determination of the waste hazard class. It is necessary to create a universal document to determine the hazard class of waste in production and consumption, ensuring safe conditions of human life and protection of the natural environment.

About the authors

N. M. Samutin

A.N. Sysin Research Institute of Human Ecology and Environmental Health

Author for correspondence.
Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6584-9935
Russian Federation

Z. I. Zholdakova

A.N. Sysin Research Institute of Human Ecology and Environmental Health

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5658-623X
Russian Federation

Natalia N. Butorina

A.N. Sysin Research Institute of Human Ecology and Environmental Health

Email: natmart2007@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4154-2108

MD, PhD, Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of ecological and hygienic assessment of waste of the A.N. Sysin Research Institute of Human Ecology and Environmental Health, Moscow, 119992, Russian Federation.

e-mail: natmart2007@mail.ru

Russian Federation

A. K. Ustinov

A.N. Sysin Research Institute of Human Ecology and Environmental Health

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0868-1918
Russian Federation

References

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  3. Base WATERTOX data. Ecological and hygienic properties of chemicals that pollute the environment (toxic and hazardous substances). (in Russian)
  4. Chemical Substances – CAS REGISTIRY. Available at: https://www.cas.org/content/chemical-substances/
  5. Rakhmanin Yu.A. Update of the methodological problems of chemical pollution regulation, and the study of its impact on quality of life and health of the population. In: Proceedings of the Plenum of the Scientific Council for Human Ecology and Environmental Health “Methodological problems in the study, assessment and regulation of chemical pollution and its impact on public health” [Materialy Plenuma Nauchnogo soveta po ekologii cheloveka i gigiene okruzhayushchey sredy “Metodologicheskie problemy izucheniya, otsenki i reglamentirovaniya khimicheskogo zagryazneniya okruzhayushchey sredy i ego vliyaniya na zdorov’e naseleniya”v]. Moscow; 2015: 3–11. (in Russian)
  6. Krasovskiy G.N. Rakhmanin Yu.A, Egorova N.A. Extrapolation of Toxicological Data from Animals to Humans [Ekstrapolyatsiya toksikologicheskikh dannykh s zhivotnykh na cheloveka]. Moscow: Meditsina; 2009. (in Russian)
  7. Krasovskiy G.N., Zholdakova Z.I., Alekseeva T.V., Egorova N.A. Bioassay in the hygienic assessment of water quality. Gigiena i sanitariya. 1991; (9): 13–6. (in Russian)

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Copyright (c) 2024 Samutin N.M., Zholdakova Z.I., Butorina N.N., Ustinov A.K.



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