Phylogeography Patterns and Population Genetics Polymorphism of Daphnia cristata Sars and D. longiremis Sars (Anomopoda: Daphniidae) in North Eurasia

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Abstract

The first data on the population genetic structure of the D. cristata Sars, 1862 and D. longiremis Sars, 1862 species (Anomopoda: Daphniidae) from the water bodies of North Eurasia are present. The variability of the 12S gene fragment of the mtDNA for these taxa belonging to subgenus Daphnia (Daphnia) O.F. Müller, 1776 (Crustacea: Cladocera) in this region is studied, and the phylogenetic analysis performed. The genealogical relationships between haplotypes of the D. cristata and D. longiremis species and their geographical distribution are shown. Our new data allow us to suggest a recent rapid spatial expansion for D. cristata during the Late Pleistocene and Early-Middle Holocene periods. According to the results of the study, the distribution zones of D. cristata and D. longiremis species are separated in the latitudinal direction with the zone of their contact in Central Yakutia. Our results provide convincing evidence for the influence of ice ages and interglacial on the formation of modern genetic diversity and the phylogeographic structure of D. cristata and D. longiremis.

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About the authors

E. I. Zuykova

Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences; Saint Petersburg Branch of the Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and oceanography

Author for correspondence.
Email: zuykova1064@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, 630091; Saint Petersburg, 199053

L. P. Sleptzova

Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: zuykova1064@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, 630091

L. V. Andreeva

Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone of the Siberian Branch f Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: zuykova1064@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Yakutsk, 677007; Novosibirsk, 630091

Ya. A. Kuchko

Institute of Biology of Karelian Research Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: zuykova1064@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Petrozavodsk, 185910

N. A. Bochkarev

Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences; Saint Petersburg Branch of the Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and oceanography

Email: zuykova1064@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, 630091; Saint Petersburg, 199053

E. S. Zakharov

Ammosov North-East. Federal University

Email: zuykova1064@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Yakutsk 677000

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Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
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1. JATS XML
2. Fig. 1. Map of the distribution of D. cristata (blue squares) and D. longiremis (red squares) in Northern Eurasia. Places of joint or close habitat of the species are highlighted in purple. The numbers correspond to the sampling locations in the appendix to Table 1. GB1–GB4 are sampling points for samples from the GenBank (NCBI) database.

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3. Fig. 2. Bayesian phylogenetic tree for D. cristata and D. longiremis based on the mtDNA 12S gene fragment (according to the identified haplotypes). The posterior probability and bootstrap support values ​​of the branching branches above 70% (BI/ML) are shown. The scale is the number of expected substitutions per site.

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4. Рис. 3. Медианные сети (MJ) 12S гаплотипов D. cristata (а) и D. longiremis (б). Размер кружков соответствует относительной частоте гаплотипов (масштаб указан в нижнем правом углу); черные маленькие кружки – медианные векторы; вертикальные черточки – число мутаций, если оно не равно 1.

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5. Supplement Table S1
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