慢性心力衰竭患者的体育训练与心脏康复： 现状、问题与优化路径

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详细

慢性心力衰竭（chronic heart failure, CHF）仍是全球范围内导致发病率、致残率和死亡率升高的主要原因之一。CHF的主要临床表现包括呼吸困难、疲劳和运动不耐受，这些症状显著降低患者的生活质量。心脏康复（cardiac rehabilitation, CR）是一种针对CHF患者的有效干预手段，旨在恢复身体耐力、改善功能状态，并提高治疗依从性。传统CR方案包括中等强度的有氧训练、阻力训练、呼吸肌训练，以及危险因素控制和健康教育。然而，参与CR项目的患者比例仍然极低。其主要障碍包括医务人员转诊不足、经济障碍、交通困难，以及社会、认知和数字获取方面的限制。本文探讨了提升心脏康复服务覆盖率的新策略，包括发展混合式和居家康复方案、引入用于远程监测的数字技术，并展望人工智能在个体化治疗中的应用潜力。特别强调了消除数字鸿沟，并提升弱势群体参与CR项目的可及性。创新型心脏康复模式有能力显著改变心力衰竭患者的管理范式，提高康复服务的可及性，并改善临床结局。

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作者简介

Alina R. Sultanova

Bashkir State Medical University

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: snhfromdol@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-3651-3376
俄罗斯联邦, Ufa

Vladislav T. Dzhanaev

North Ossetian State Medical Academy

Email: vladik_dz@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-9190-5785
俄罗斯联邦, Vladikavkaz

Ilya A. Brykov

Ryazan State Medical University named after academician I.P. Pavlov

Email: iljabrykov8@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-2623-9243
俄罗斯联邦, Ryazan

Danila A. Shvedko

Ryazan State Medical University named after academician I.P. Pavlov

Email: Shvedko2002@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-9622-0766
俄罗斯联邦, Ryazan

Anastasiya S. Mitkinykh

Kirov State Medical University

Email: a24276035@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-7681-611X
俄罗斯联邦, Kirov

Zainap N. Dadasheva

I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University

Email: dznzaynap@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-8402-1932
俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

Gafgaz E. Gasanov

Kuban State Medical University

Email: caucasus3000@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-4605-5022
俄罗斯联邦, Krasnodar

Amaliya I. Gukyamukhova

North Caucasus State Academy

Email: Amaliya02_02@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0006-8458-5289
俄罗斯联邦, Cherkessk

Maryan A. Tokaeva

North Caucasus State Academy

Email: marisha.tokaeva@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0004-5107-770X
俄罗斯联邦, Cherkessk

Tatyana E. Kaptelinina

Rostov State Medical University

Email: kaptelinina87@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-5025-3684
俄罗斯联邦, Rostov-on-Don

Angelina E. Urmanova

North Caucasus State Academy

Email: gelya.urmanova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-4962-7873
俄罗斯联邦, Cherkessk

Sofya A. Vankova

National Research Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogarev

Email: vankovas2001@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-7267-9651
俄罗斯联邦, Saransk

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