Exercise Training and Cardiac Rehabilitation in Chronic Heart Failure: Opportunities, Challenges, and Pathways to Optimization



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Chronic heart failure (CHF) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity, disability, and mortality worldwide. The main clinical manifestations of CHF include dyspnea, fatigue, and exercise intolerance, all of which significantly reduce patients’ quality of life. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an effective intervention aimed at restoring physical performance, improving functional status, and enhancing treatment adherence in patients with CHF. Traditional CR programs include moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, resistance training, inspiratory muscle training, risk factor modification, and educational activities. However, participation rates in CR programs remain extremely low. Major barriers include insufficient referral by healthcare providers, financial constraints, transportation difficulties, and limitations related to social, cognitive, and digital accessibility. This article discusses new strategies to improve the reach of cardiac rehabilitation, including the development of hybrid and home-based programs, the use of digital technologies for remote patient monitoring, and the potential integration of artificial intelligence for personalized therapeutic approaches. Particular attention is given to the need to address digital inequality and ensure broader access to CR programs for vulnerable populations. Innovative models of cardiac rehabilitation have the potential to significantly change the paradigm of managing patients with heart failure by increasing the availability of rehabilitation services and improving clinical outcomes.

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СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
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