Физическая активность и миокин иризин как немедикаментозный подход к лечению болезни Альцгеймера

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Аннотация

Болезнь Альцгеймера (БА) — это наиболее распространённая форма деменции, характеризующаяся прогрессирующей потерей когнитивных функций, ухудшением памяти, синаптической дисфункцией и нейродегенерацией. В настоящее время существующие методы лечения в основном направлены на временное облегчение симптомов, не влияя на ключевые механизмы патогенеза заболевания. В последние годы особое внимание уделяется поиску немедикаментозных подходов, способных замедлить прогрессирование БА и улучшить когнитивное функционирование. Одним из таких перспективных направлений является изучение роли иризина — миокина, выделяемого в ответ на физическую активность, который, как показали недавние исследования, обладает многоуровневым нейропротекторным действием. Иризин участвует в регуляции экспрессии нейротрофического фактора мозга, активирует нейрогенез, улучшает инсулиновую чувствительность и энергетический метаболизм, снижает уровень нейровоспаления и окислительного стресса. Доклинические исследования демонстрируют, что введение иризина улучшает показатели памяти, пространственного обучения и синаптической пластичности у животных с моделью БА. Кроме того, физическая активность, стимулирующая секрецию иризина, показала положительное влияние на когнитивные функции и общее самочувствие пациентов с БА. Обзор обобщает современные данные о механизмах действия иризина и его роли в патогенезе и терапии БА. Обоснована необходимость дальнейших клинических исследований, направленных на изучение фармакологической модуляции иризина, а также интеграции физических упражнений в комплексные лечебные программы. Иризин рассматривается как многообещающая мишень для создания новых стратегий профилактики и лечения БА.

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Об авторах

Юрий Аланович Гибизов

Северо-Осетинская государственная медицинская академия

Email: sadreit@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0004-2126-1813
Россия, Владикавказ

Лиза Беслановна Вагапова

Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет

Email: vagapova.li@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0006-5148-6794
Россия, Ставрополь

Алина Олеговна Агузарова

Северо-Осетинская государственная медицинская академия

Email: aguzarova20021410@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0009-5879-7570
Россия, Владикавказ

Юлия Валерьевна Назарова

Рязанский государственный медицинский университет им. И.П. Павлова

Email: nazar-yulia2015@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-2589-3538
Россия, Рязань

Яна Андреевна Зоткина

Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. И.П. Павлова

Email: zotckina.yana@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-5204-4386
Россия, Санкт-Петербург

Екатерина Алексеевна Атаманюк

Приволжский исследовательский медицинский университет

Email: ekaterina_ataman@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0006-2719-664X
Россия, Нижний Новгород

Мария Максимовна Родикова

Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова

Email: rodikova_00@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-9183-6888
Россия, Москва

Рафаэль Наилевич Тимергалеев

Казанский федеральный университет

Email: rafa-el99@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-5632-1394
Россия, Казань

Александр Михайлович Куприянов

Красноярский государственный медицинский университет

Email: mgaine@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-4931-0261
Россия, Красноярск

Анастасия Александровна Чуприна

Крымский федеральный университет им. В.И. Вернадского

Email: Chuprinik5@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0009-8268-2511
Россия, Симферополь

Азамат Ибрагимович Аслаханов

Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет

Email: azamat.aslakhanov@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-1878-2739
Россия, Ставрополь

Виктория Юрьевна Веремийчук

Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. И.П. Павлова

Email: dr.veremiychuk_vu@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-4056-346X
Россия, Санкт-Петербург

Антон Олегович Марьин

Ульяновский государственный университет

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: antonmarin241@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0004-2472-4828
Россия, Ульяновск

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СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
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