Surgical Advances in Parkinsons Disease
- Authors: Hvingelby V.1, Pavese N.1
-
Affiliations:
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Aarhus University
- Issue: Vol 22, No 6 (2024)
- Pages: 1033-1046
- Section: Neurology
- URL: https://rjpbr.com/1570-159X/article/view/644797
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X21666221121094343
- ID: 644797
Cite item
Full Text
Abstract
While symptomatic pharmacological therapy remains the main therapeutic strategy for Parkinsons disease (PD), over the last two decades, surgical approaches have become more commonly used to control levodopa-induced motor complications and dopamine-resistant and non-motor symptoms of PD. In this paper, we discuss old and new surgical treatments for PD and the many technological innovations in this field. We have initially reviewed the relevant surgical anatomy as well as the pathological signaling considered to be the underlying cause of specific symptoms of PD. Subsequently, early attempts at surgical symptom control will be briefly reviewed. As the most well-known surgical intervention for PD is deep brain stimulation, this subject is discussed at length. As deciding on whether a patient stands to benefit from DBS can be quite difficult, the different proposed paradigms for precisely this are covered. Following this, the evidence regarding different targets, especially the subthalamic nucleus and internal globus pallidus, is reviewed as well as the evidence for newer proposed targets for specific symptoms. Due to the rapidly expanding nature of knowledge and technological capabilities, some of these new and potential future capabilities are given consideration in terms of their current and future use. Following this, we have reviewed newer treatment modalities, especially magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound and other potential surgical therapies, such as spinal cord stimulation for gait symptoms and others. As mentioned, the field of surgical alleviation of symptoms of PD is undergoing a rapid expansion, and this review provides a general overview of the current status and future directions in the field.
About the authors
Victor Hvingelby
Department of Clinical Medicine, Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Aarhus University
Email: info@benthamscience.net
Nicola Pavese
Department of Clinical Medicine, Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Aarhus University
Author for correspondence.
Email: info@benthamscience.net
References
- Tolosa, E.; Martí, M.J.; Valldeoriola, F.; Molinuevo, J.L. History of levodopa and dopamine agonists in Parkinsons disease treatment. Neurology, 1998, 50(Suppl. 6), S2-S10. doi: 10.1212/WNL.50.6_Suppl_6.S2 PMID: 9633679
- Güngör, A.; Baydın, Ş.S; Holanda, V.M.; Middlebrooks, E.H.; Isler, C.; Tugcu, B.; Foote, K.; Tanriover, N. Microsurgical anatomy of the subthalamic nucleus: correlating fiber dissection results with 3-T magnetic resonance imaging using neuronavigation. J. Neurosurg., 2019, 130(3), 716-732. doi: 10.3171/2017.10.JNS171513 PMID: 29726781
- Kerl, H.U.; Gerigk, L.; Pechlivanis, I.; Al-Zghloul, M.; Groden, C.; Nölte, I. The subthalamic nucleus at 3.0 Tesla: choice of optimal sequence and orientation for deep brain stimulation using a standard installation protocol. J. Neurosurg., 2012, 117(6), 1155-1165. doi: 10.3171/2012.8.JNS111930 PMID: 23039154
- Patil, P.G.; Conrad, E.C.; Aldridge, J.W.; Chenevert, T.L.; Chou, K.L. The anatomical and electrophysiological subthalamic nucleus visualized by 3-T magnetic resonance imaging. Neurosurgery, 2012, 71(6), 1089-1095. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0b013e318270611f PMID: 22948201
- Plaha, P.; Ben-Shlomo, Y.; Patel, N.K.; Gill, S.S. Stimulation of the caudal zona incerta is superior to stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in improving contralateral parkinsonism. Brain, 2006, 129(7), 1732-1747. doi: 10.1093/brain/awl127 PMID: 16720681
- Holanda, V.M.; Okun, M.S.; Middlebrooks, E.H.; Gungor, A.; Barry, M.E.; Forder, J.; Foote, K.D. Postmortem dissections of common targets for lesion and deep brain stimulation surgeries. Neurosurgery, 2020, 86(6), 860-872. doi: 10.1093/neuros/nyz318 PMID: 31504849
- Wichmann, T.; DeLong, M.R. Functional and pathophysiological models of the basal ganglia. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol., 1996, 6(6), 751-758. doi: 10.1016/S0959-4388(96)80024-9 PMID: 9000030
- Obeso, J.A.; Rodríguez-Oroz, M.C.; Benitez-Temino, B.; Blesa, F.J.; Guridi, J.; Marin, C.; Rodriguez, M. Functional organization of the basal ganglia: Therapeutic implications for Parkinsons disease. Mov. Disord., 2008, 23(Suppl. 3), S548-S559. doi: 10.1002/mds.22062 PMID: 18781672
- van Albada, S.J.; Robinson, P.A. Mean-field modeling of the basal ganglia-thalamocortical system. I Firing rates in healthy and parkinsonian states. J. Theor. Biol., 2009, 257(4), 642-663. doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2008.12.018 PMID: 19168074
- Wichmann, T.; Soares, J. Neuronal firing before and after burst discharges in the monkey basal ganglia is predictably patterned in the normal state and altered in parkinsonism. J. Neurophysiol., 2006, 95(4), 2120-2133. doi: 10.1152/jn.01013.2005 PMID: 16371459
- Alexander, G.E.; DeLong, M.R.; Strick, P.L. Parallel organization of functionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex. Annu. Rev. Neurosci., 1986, 9(1), 357-381. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ne.09.030186.002041 PMID: 3085570
- Alexander, G.E.; Crutcher, M.D.; DeLong, M.R. Basal gangliathalamocortical circuits: Parallel substrates for motor, oculomotor, "prefrontal" and "limbic" functions. Prog. Brain Res., 1991, 85, 119-146. doi: 10.1016/S0079-6123(08)62678-3 PMID: 2094891
- Fazl, A.; Fleisher, J. Anatomy, physiology, and clinical syndromes of the basal ganglia: a brief review. Semin. Pediatr. Neurol., 2018, 25, 2-9. doi: 10.1016/j.spen.2017.12.005 PMID: 29735113
- Galvan, A.; Wichmann, T. Pathophysiology of Parkinsonism. Clin. Neurophysiol., 2008, 119(7), 1459-1474. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2008.03.017 PMID: 18467168
- Brown, P.; Oliviero, A.; Mazzone, P.; Insola, A.; Tonali, P.; Di Lazzaro, V. Dopamine dependency of oscillations between subthalamic nucleus and pallidum in Parkinsons disease. J. Neurosci., 2001, 21(3), 1033-1038. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-03-01033.2001 PMID: 11157088
- Priori, A.; Foffani, G.; Pesenti, A.; Tamma, F.; Bianchi, A.; Pellegrini, M.; Locatelli, M.; Moxon, K.; Villani, R. Rhythm-specific pharmacological modulation of subthalamic activity in Parkinsons disease. Exp. Neurol., 2004, 189(2), 369-379. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.06.001 PMID: 15380487
- Sommerauer, M.; Fedorova, T.D.; Hansen, A.K.; Knudsen, K.; Otto, M.; Jeppesen, J.; Frederiksen, Y.; Blicher, J.U.; Geday, J.; Nahimi, A.; Damholdt, M.F.; Brooks, D.J.; Borghammer, P. Evaluation of the noradrenergic system in Parkinsons disease: an 11C-MeNER PET and neuromelanin MRI study. Brain, 2018, 141(2), 496-504. doi: 10.1093/brain/awx348 PMID: 29272343
- Pasquini, J.; Brooks, D.J.; Pavese, N. The cholinergic brain in Parkinsons disease. Mov. Disord. Clin. Pract. (Hoboken), 2021, 8(7), 1012-1026. doi: 10.1002/mdc3.13319 PMID: 34631936
- Oliver, L.C. Parkinsons disease and its surgical treatment; H. K. Lewis & Co.: London, 1953.
- Gardner, W.J. Surgical aspect of Parkinsons syndrome. Postgrad. Med., 1949, 5(2), 107-111. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1949.11693763 PMID: 18123618
- Cooper, I.S. The neurosurgical alleviation of Parkinsonism. Springfield: Irving California,; Charles C. Thomas: Ill, 1956.
- Meyers, R. Surgical experiments in the therapy of certain extrapyramidal diseases: a current evaluation. Acta Psychiatr. Neurol. Suppl., 1951, 67, 1-42. PMID: 14837767
- Schuepbach, W.M.; Rau, J.; Knudsen, K.; Volkmann, J.; Krack, P.; Timmermann, L.; Hälbig, T.D.; Hesekamp, H.; Navarro, S.M.; Meier, N.; Falk, D.; Mehdorn, M.; Paschen, S.; Maarouf, M.; Barbe, M.T.; Fink, G.R.; Kupsch, A.; Gruber, D.; Schneider, G.H.; Seigneuret, E.; Kistner, A.; Chaynes, P.; Ory-Magne, F.; Brefel Courbon, C.; Vesper, J.; Schnitzler, A.; Wojtecki, L.; Houeto, J.L.; Bataille, B.; Maltête, D.; Damier, P.; Raoul, S.; Sixel-Doering, F.; Hellwig, D.; Gharabaghi, A.; Krüger, R.; Pinsker, M.O.; Amtage, F.; Régis, J.M.; Witjas, T.; Thobois, S.; Mertens, P.; Kloss, M.; Hartmann, A.; Oertel, W.H.; Post, B.; Speelman, H.; Agid, Y.; Schade-Brittinger, C.; Deuschl, G. Neurostimulation for Parkinson's disease with early motor complications. N. Engl. J. Med., 2013, 368(7), 610-622. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1205158 PMID: 23406026
- Deuschl, G.; Schade-Brittinger, C.; Krack, P.; Volkmann, J.; Schäfer, H.; Bötzel, K.; Daniels, C.; Deutschländer, A.; Dillmann, U.; Eisner, W.; Gruber, D.; Hamel, W.; Herzog, J.; Hilker, R.; Klebe, S.; Kloß, M.; Koy, J.; Krause, M.; Kupsch, A.; Lorenz, D.; Lorenzl, S.; Mehdorn, H.M.; Moringlane, J.R.; Oertel, W.; Pinsker, M.O.; Reichmann, H.; Reuß, A.; Schneider, G.H.; Schnitzler, A.; Steude, U.; Sturm, V.; Timmermann, L.; Tronnier, V.; Trottenberg, T.; Wojtecki, L.; Wolf, E.; Poewe, W.; Voges, J. A randomized trial of deep-brain stimulation for Parkinsons disease. N. Engl. J. Med., 2006, 355(9), 896-908. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa060281 PMID: 16943402
- Hitti, F.L.; Ramayya, A.G.; McShane, B.J.; Yang, A.I.; Vaughan, K.A.; Baltuch, G.H. Long-term outcomes following deep brain stimulation for Parkinsons disease. J. Neurosurg., 2019, 1-6. PMID: 30660117
- Witt, K.; Daniels, C.; Volkmann, J. Factors associated with neuropsychiatric side effects after STN-DBS in Parkinsons disease. Parkinsonism Relat. Disord., 2012, 18(Suppl. 1), S168-S170. doi: 10.1016/S1353-8020(11)70052-9 PMID: 22166423
- Sidtis, J.J.; Van Lancker Sidtis, D.; Ramdhani, R.; Tagliati, M. Speech intelligibility during clinical and low frequency. Brain Sci., 2020, 10(1), 26. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10010026 PMID: 31906549
- Defer, G-L.; Widner, H.; Marié, R-M.; Rémy, P.; Levivier, M. Core assessment program for surgical interventional therapies in Parkinsons disease (CAPSIT-PD). Mov. Disord., 1999, 14(4), 572-584. doi: 10.1002/1531-8257(199907)14:43.0.CO;2-C PMID: 10435493
- Moro, E.; Allert, N.; Eleopra, R.; Houeto, J.L.; Phan, T.M.; Stoevelaar, H. A decision tool to support appropriate referral for deep brain stimulation in Parkinsons disease. J. Neurol., 2009, 256(1), 83-88. doi: 10.1007/s00415-009-0069-1 PMID: 19221846
- Okun, M.S.; Fernandez, H.H.; Pedraza, O.; Misra, M.; Lyons, K.E.; Pahwa, R.; Tarsy, D.; Scollins, L.; Corapi, K.; Friehs, G.M.; Grace, J.; Romrell, J.; Foote, K.D. Development and initial validation of a screening tool for Parkinson disease surgical candidates. Neurology, 2004, 63(1), 161-163. doi: 10.1212/01.WNL.0000133122.14824.25 PMID: 15249630
- Wächter, T.; Mínguez-Castellanos, A.; Valldeoriola, F.; Herzog, J.; Stoevelaar, H. A tool to improve pre-selection for deep brain stimulation in patients with Parkinsons disease. J. Neurol., 2011, 258(4), 641-646. doi: 10.1007/s00415-010-5814-y PMID: 21088849
- Pal, G.D.; Persinger, V.; Bernard, B.; Ouyang, B.; Goetz, C.G.; Verhagen, M.L. The core assessment program for surgical interventional therapies in parkinsons disease (CAPSIT-PD): Tolerability of preoperative neuropsychological testing for deep brain stimulation in Parkinsons disease. Mov. Disord. Clin. Pract. (Hoboken), 2015, 2(4), 379-383. doi: 10.1002/mdc3.12213 PMID: 30363547
- Artusi, C.A.; Lopiano, L.; Morgante, F. Deep brain stimulation selection criteria for Parkinsons disease: time to Go beyond CAPSIT-PD. J. Clin. Med., 2020, 9(12), 3931. doi: 10.3390/jcm9123931 PMID: 33291579
- Anderson, V.C.; Burchiel, K.J.; Hogarth, P.; Favre, J.; Hammerstad, J.P. Pallidal vs. subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson disease. Arch. Neurol., 2005, 62(4), 554-560. doi: 10.1001/archneur.62.4.554 PMID: 15824252
- Xie, C.L.; Shao, B.; Chen, J.; Zhou, Y.; Lin, S.Y.; Wang, W.W. Effects of neurostimulation for advanced Parkinsons disease patients on motor symptoms: A multiple-treatments meta-analysas of randomized controlled trials. Sci. Rep., 2016, 6(1), 25285. doi: 10.1038/srep25285 PMID: 27142183
- Mansouri, A.; Taslimi, S.; Badhiwala, J.H.; Witiw, C.D.; Nassiri, F.; Odekerken, V.J.J.; De Bie, R.M.A.; Kalia, S.K.; Hodaie, M.; Munhoz, R.P.; Fasano, A.; Lozano, A.M. Deep brain stimulation for Parkinsons disease: meta-analysis of results of randomized trials at varying lengths of follow-up. J. Neurosurg., 2018, 128(4), 1199-1213. doi: 10.3171/2016.11.JNS16715 PMID: 28665252
- Mao, Z.; Ling, Z.; Pan, L.; Xu, X.; Cui, Z.; Liang, S.; Yu, X. Comparison of efficacy of deep brain stimulation of different targets in Parkinsons disease: a network meta-analysis. Front. Aging Neurosci., 2019, 11, 23. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00023 PMID: 30853908
- Liu, Y.; Zhang, L.; Chen, W.; Ling, Y.; Xu, M.; Li, Y.; Yang, C.; Liu, J.; Chen, L.; Jiang, N. Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation improves sleep in Parkinsons disease patients: a retrospective study and a meta-analysis. Sleep Med., 2020, 74, 301-306. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.07.042 PMID: 32882663
- Xu, H.; Zheng, F.; Krischek, B.; Ding, W.; Xiong, C.; Wang, X.; Niu, C. Subthalamic nucleus and globus pallidus internus stimulation for the treatment of Parkinsons disease: A systematic review. J. Int. Med. Res., 2017, 45(5), 1602-1612. doi: 10.1177/0300060517708102 PMID: 28701061
- Weaver, F.M.; Follett, K.; Stern, M.; Hur, K.; Harris, C.; Marks, W.J., Jr; Rothlind, J.; Sagher, O.; Reda, D.; Moy, C.S.; Pahwa, R.; Burchiel, K.; Hogarth, P.; Lai, E.C.; Duda, J.E.; Holloway, K.; Samii, A.; Horn, S.; Bronstein, J.; Stoner, G.; Heemskerk, J.; Huang, G.D. Bilateral deep brain stimulation vs. best medical therapy for patients with advanced Parkinson disease: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 2009, 301(1), 63-73. doi: 10.1001/jama.2008.929 PMID: 19126811
- Weaver, F.M.; Follett, K.A.; Stern, M.; Luo, P.; Harris, C.L.; Hur, K.; Marks, W.J., Jr; Rothlind, J.; Sagher, O.; Moy, C.; Pahwa, R.; Burchiel, K.; Hogarth, P.; Lai, E.C.; Duda, J.E.; Holloway, K.; Samii, A.; Horn, S.; Bronstein, J.M.; Stoner, G.; Starr, P.A.; Simpson, R.; Baltuch, G.; De Salles, A.; Huang, G.D.; Reda, D.J. Randomized trial of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson disease: Thirty-six-month outcomes. Neurology, 2012, 79(1), 55-65. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31825dcdc1 PMID: 22722632
- Odekerken, V.J.J.; van Laar, T.; Staal, M.J.; Mosch, A.; Hoffmann, C.F.E.; Nijssen, P.C.G.; Beute, G.N.; van Vugt, J.P.P.; Lenders, M.W.P.M.; Contarino, M.F.; Mink, M.S.J.; Bour, L.J.; van den Munckhof, P.; Schmand, B.A.; de Haan, R.J.; Schuurman, P.R.; de Bie, R.M.A. Subthalamic nucleus versus globus pallidus bilateral deep brain stimulation for advanced Parkinsons disease (NSTAPS study): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Neurol., 2013, 12(1), 37-44. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(12)70264-8 PMID: 23168021
- Odekerken, V.J.J.; Boel, J.A.; Schmand, B.A.; de Haan, R.J.; Figee, M.; van den Munckhof, P.; Schuurman, P.R.; de Bie, R.M.A. GPi vs STN deep brain stimulation for Parkinson disease: Three-year follow-up. Neurology, 2016, 86(8), 755-761. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002401 PMID: 26819458
- Harati, A.; Müller, T. Neuropsychological effects of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease. Surg. Neurol. Int., 2013, 4(7)(Suppl. 6), 443. doi: 10.4103/2152-7806.121637 PMID: 24349868
- Obeso, J.A.; Olanow, C.W.; Rodriguez-Oroz, M.C.; Krack, P.; Kumar, R.; Lang, A.E. Deep-brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus or the pars interna of the globus pallidus in Parkinsons disease. N. Engl. J. Med., 2001, 345(13), 956-963. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa000827 PMID: 11575287
- Moro, E.; Lozano, A.M.; Pollak, P.; Agid, Y.; Rehncrona, S.; Volkmann, J.; Kulisevsky, J.; Obeso, J.A.; Albanese, A.; Hariz, M.I.; Quinn, N.P.; Speelman, J.D.; Benabid, A.L.; Fraix, V.; Mendes, A.; Welter, M.L.; Houeto, J.L.; Cornu, P.; Dormont, D.; Tornqvist, A.L.; Ekberg, R.; Schnitzler, A.; Timmermann, L.; Wojtecki, L.; Gironell, A.; Rodriguez-Oroz, M.C.; Guridi, J.; Bentivoglio, A.R.; Contarino, M.F.; Romito, L.; Scerrati, M.; Janssens, M.; Lang, A.E. Long-term results of a multicenter study on subthalamic and pallidal stimulation in Parkinsons disease. Mov. Disord., 2010, 25(5), 578-586. doi: 10.1002/mds.22735 PMID: 20213817
- Hamani, C.; Richter, E.O.; Andrade-Souza, Y.; Hutchison, W.; Saint-Cyr, J.A.; Lozano, A.M. Correspondence of microelectrode mapping with magnetic resonance imaging for subthalamic nucleus procedures. Surg. Neurol., 2005, 63(3), 249-253. doi: 10.1016/j.surneu.2004.05.036 PMID: 15734516
- Schlaier, J.R.; Habermeyer, C.; Janzen, A.; Fellner, C.; Hochreiter, A.; Proescholdt, M.; Brawanski, A.; Lange, M. The influence of intraoperative microelectrode recordings and clinical testing on the location of final stimulation sites in deep brain stimulation for Parkinsons disease. Acta Neurochir. (Wien), 2013, 155(2), 357-366. doi: 10.1007/s00701-012-1592-x PMID: 23275071
- Gross, R.E.; Krack, P.; Rodriguez-Oroz, M.C.; Rezai, A.R.; Benabid, A.L. Electrophysiological mapping for the implantation of deep brain stimulators for Parkinsons disease and tremor. Mov. Disord., 2006, 21(S14)(Suppl. 14), S259-S283. doi: 10.1002/mds.20960 PMID: 16810720
- Rolston, J.D.; Englot, D.J.; Starr, P.A.; Larson, P.S. An unexpectedly high rate of revisions and removals in deep brain stimulation surgery: Analysis of multiple databases. Parkinsonism Relat. Disord., 2016, 33, 72-77. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.09.014 PMID: 27645504
- Ho, A.L.; Ali, R.; Connolly, I.D.; Henderson, J.M.; Dhall, R.; Stein, S.C.; Halpern, C.H. Awake versus asleep deep brain stimulation for Parkinsons disease: a critical comparison and meta-analysis. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 2018, 89(7), 687-691. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2016-314500 PMID: 28250028
- Brodsky, M.A.; Anderson, S.; Murchison, C.; Seier, M.; Wilhelm, J.; Vederman, A.; Burchiel, K.J. Clinical outcomes of asleep vs. awake deep brain stimulation for Parkinson disease. Neurology, 2017, 89(19), 1944-1950. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004630 PMID: 28986415
- Verhagen Metman, L.; Slavin, K.V.; Rosenow, J.M.; Vitek, J.L.; Munckhof, P. More than just the level of consciousness: comparing asleep and awake deep brain stimulation. Mov. Disord., 2021, 36(12), 2763-2766. doi: 10.1002/mds.28806 PMID: 34585783
- Patriat, R.; Cooper, S.E.; Duchin, Y.; Niederer, J.; Lenglet, C.; Aman, J.; Park, M.C.; Vitek, J.L.; Harel, N. Individualized tractography-based parcellation of the globus pallidus pars interna using 7T MRI in movement disorder patients prior to DBS surgery. Neuroimage, 2018, 178, 198-209. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.05.048 PMID: 29787868
- Sweet, J.A.; Walter, B.L.; Gunalan, K.; Chaturvedi, A.; McIntyre, C.C.; Miller, J.P. Fiber tractography of the axonal pathways linking the basal ganglia and cerebellum in Parkinson disease: implications for targeting in deep brain stimulation. J. Neurosurg., 2014, 120(4), 988-996. doi: 10.3171/2013.12.JNS131537 PMID: 24484226
- Avecillas-Chasin, J.M.; Alonso-Frech, F.; Parras, O.; del Prado, N.; Barcia, J.A. Assessment of a method to determine deep brain stimulation targets using deterministic tractography in a navigation system. Neurosurg. Rev., 2015, 38(4), 739-751. doi: 10.1007/s10143-015-0643-1 PMID: 25962557
- Muller, J.; Alizadeh, M.; Mohamed, F.B.; Riley, J.; Pearce, J.J.; Trieu, B.; Liang, T.W.; Romo, V.; Sharan, A.; Wu, C. Clinically applicable delineation of the pallidal sensorimotor region in patients with advanced Parkinsons disease: Study of probabilistic and deterministic tractography. J. Neurosurg., 2018, 1-12. PMID: 30554176
- Cacciola, A.; Milardi, D.; Bertino, S.; Basile, G.A.; Calamuneri, A.; Chillemi, G.; Rizzo, G.; Anastasi, G.; Quartarone, A. Structural connectivity-based topography of the human globus pallidus: Implications for therapeutic targeting in movement disorders. Mov. Disord., 2019, 34(7), 987-996. doi: 10.1002/mds.27712 PMID: 31077436
- Low, H.L.; Ismail, M.N.M.; Taqvi, A.; Deeb, J.; Fuller, C.; Misbahuddin, A. Comparison of posterior subthalamic area deep brain stimulation for tremor using conventional landmarks versus directly targeting the dentatorubrothalamic tract with tractography. Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg., 2019, 185, 105466. doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2019.105466 PMID: 31466022
- Ranjan, M.; Elias, G.J.B.; Boutet, A.; Zhong, J.; Chu, P.; Germann, J.; Devenyi, G.A.; Chakravarty, M.M.; Fasano, A.; Hynynen, K.; Lipsman, N.; Hamani, C.; Kucharczyk, W.; Schwartz, M.L.; Lozano, A.M.; Hodaie, M. Tractography-based targeting of the ventral intermediate nucleus: accuracy and clinical utility in MRgFUS thalamotomy. J. Neurosurg., 2019, 1-8. PMID: 31561221
- Avecillas-Chasin, J.M.; Alonso-Frech, F.; Nombela, C.; Villanueva, C.; Barcia, J.A. Stimulation of the tractography-defined subthalamic nucleus regions correlates with clinical outcomes. Neurosurgery, 2019, 85(2), E294-E303. doi: 10.1093/neuros/nyy633 PMID: 30690487
- Hariz, M.I.; Shamsgovara, P.; Johansson, F.; Hariz, G.M.; Fodstad, H. Tolerance and tremor rebound following long-term chronic thalamic stimulation for Parkinsonian and essential tremor. Stereotact. Funct. Neurosurg., 1999, 72(2-4), 208-218. doi: 10.1159/000029728 PMID: 10853080
- Cury, R.G.; Fraix, V.; Castrioto, A.; Pérez Fernández, M.A.; Krack, P.; Chabardes, S.; Seigneuret, E.; Alho, E.J.L.; Benabid, A.L.; Moro, E. Thalamic deep brain stimulation for tremor in Parkinson disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. Neurology, 2017, 89(13), 1416-1423. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004295 PMID: 28768840
- Ondo, W.; Jankovic, J.; Schwartz, K.; Almaguer, M.; Simpson, R.K. Unilateral thalamic deep brain stimulation for refractory essential tremor and Parkinsons disease tremor. Neurology, 1998, 51(4), 1063-1069. doi: 10.1212/WNL.51.4.1063 PMID: 9781530
- Akram, H.; Dayal, V.; Mahlknecht, P.; Georgiev, D.; Hyam, J.; Foltynie, T.; Limousin, P.; De Vita, E.; Jahanshahi, M.; Ashburner, J.; Behrens, T.; Hariz, M.; Zrinzo, L. Connectivity derived thalamic segmentation in deep brain stimulation for tremor. Neuroimage Clin., 2018, 18, 130-142. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.01.008 PMID: 29387530
- Fukuda, M.; Barnes, A.; Simon, E.S.; Holmes, A.; Dhawan, V.; Giladi, N.; Fodstad, H.; Ma, Y.; Eidelberg, D. Thalamic stimulation for parkinsonian tremor: correlation between regional cerebral blood flow and physiological tremor characteristics. Neuroimage, 2004, 21(2), 608-615. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.09.068 PMID: 14980563
- Fransson, P.-A.; Nilsson, M.H.; Rehncrona, S.; Tjernström, F.; Magnusson, M.; Johansson, R.; Patel, M. Deep brain stimulation in the subthalamic nuclei alters postural alignment and adaptation in Parkinsons disease. PLoS One, 2021, 16(12), e0259862. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259862 PMID: 34905546
- Roediger, J.; Artusi, C.A.; Romagnolo, A.; Boyne, P.; Zibetti, M.; Lopiano, L.; Espay, A.J.; Fasano, A.; Merola, A. Effect of subthalamic deep brain stimulation on posture in Parkinsons disease: A blind computerized analysis. Parkinsonism Relat. Disord., 2019, 62, 122-127. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2019.01.003 PMID: 30638820
- Weiss, D.; Walach, M.; Meisner, C.; Fritz, M.; Scholten, M.; Breit, S.; Plewnia, C.; Bender, B.; Gharabaghi, A.; Wächter, T.; Krüger, R. Nigral stimulation for resistant axial motor impairment in Parkinsons disease? A randomized controlled trial. Brain, 2013, 136(7), 2098-2108. doi: 10.1093/brain/awt122 PMID: 23757762
- Horn, M.A.; Gulberti, A.; Hidding, U.; Gerloff, C.; Hamel, W.; Moll, C.K.E.; Pötter-Nerger, M. Comparison of shod and unshod gait in patients with Parkinsons disease with subthalamic and nigral stimulation. Front. Hum. Neurosci., 2022, 15, 751242. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.751242 PMID: 35095446
- Nandi, D.; Aziz, T.Z.; Giladi, N.; Winter, J.; Stein, J.F. Reversal of akinesia in experimental parkinsonism by GABA antagonist microinjections in the pedunculopontine nucleus. Brain, 2002, 125(11), 2418-2430. doi: 10.1093/brain/awf259 PMID: 12390969
- Ferraye, M.U.; Debû, B.; Fraix, V.; Goetz, L.; Ardouin, C.; Yelnik, J.; Henry-Lagrange, C.; Seigneuret, E.; Piallat, B.; Krack, P.; Le Bas, J.F.; Benabid, A.L.; Chabardès, S.; Pollak, P. Effects of pedunculopontine nucleus area stimulation on gait disorders in Parkinsons disease. Brain, 2010, 133(1), 205-214. doi: 10.1093/brain/awp229 PMID: 19773356
- Thevathasan, W.; Coyne, T.J.; Hyam, J.A.; Kerr, G.; Jenkinson, N.; Aziz, T.Z.; Silburn, P.A. Pedunculopontine nucleus stimulation improves gait freezing in Parkinson disease. Neurosurgery, 2011, 69(6), 1248-1254. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0b013e31822b6f71 PMID: 21725254
- Thevathasan, W.; Debu, B.; Aziz, T.; Bloem, B.R.; Blahak, C.; Butson, C.; Czernecki, V.; Foltynie, T.; Fraix, V.; Grabli, D.; Joint, C.; Lozano, A.M.; Okun, M.S.; Ostrem, J.; Pavese, N.; Schrader, C.; Tai, C.H.; Krauss, J.K.; Moro, E. Pedunculopontine nucleus deep brain stimulation in Parkinsons disease: A clinical review. Mov. Disord., 2018, 33(1), 10-20. doi: 10.1002/mds.27098 PMID: 28960543
- Yamamoto, T.; Katayama, Y.; Kano, T.; Kobayashi, K.; Oshima, H.; Fukaya, C. Deep brain stimulation for the treatment of parkinsonian, essential, and poststroke tremor: a suitable stimulation method and changes in effective stimulation intensity. J. Neurosurg., 2004, 101(2), 201-209. doi: 10.3171/jns.2004.101.2.0201 PMID: 15309909
- Mongardi, L.; Rispoli, V.; Scerrati, A.; Giordano, F.; Capone, J.G.; Vaudano, A.E.; De Bonis, P.; Morgante, F.; Picillo, M.; Cavallo, M.A.; Sensi, M. Deep brain stimulation of the ventralis oralis anterior thalamic nucleus is effective for dystonic tremor. Parkinsonism Relat. Disord., 2020, 81, 8-11. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.09.040 PMID: 33035802
- Alonso-Frech, F.; Fernandez-Garcia, C.; Gómez-Mayordomo, V.; Monje, M.H.G.; Delgado-Suarez, C.; Villanueva-Iza, C.; Catalan-Alonso, M.J. Non-motor adverse effects avoided by directional stimulation in Parkinsons disease: a case report. Front. Neurol., 2022, 12, 786166. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.786166 PMID: 35173666
- Steigerwald, F.; Müller, L.; Johannes, S.; Matthies, C.; Volkmann, J. Directional deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus: A pilot study using a novel neurostimulation device. Mov. Disord., 2016, 31(8), 1240-1243. doi: 10.1002/mds.26669 PMID: 27241197
- Dembek, T.A.; Reker, P.; Visser-Vandewalle, V.; Wirths, J.; Treuer, H.; Klehr, M.; Roediger, J.; Dafsari, H.S.; Barbe, M.T.; Timmermann, L. Directional DBS increases side-effect thresholds-A prospective, double-blind trial. Mov. Disord., 2017, 32(10), 1380-1388. doi: 10.1002/mds.27093 PMID: 28843009
- Steffen, J.K.; Reker, P.; Mennicken, F.K.; Dembek, T.A.; Dafsari, H.S.; Fink, G.R.; Visser-Vandewalle, V.; Barbe, M.T. Bipolar directional deep brain stimulation in essential and Parkinsonian Tremor. Neuromodulation, 2020, 23(4), 543-549. doi: 10.1111/ner.13109 PMID: 32040883
- Rammo, R.A.; Ozinga, S.J.; White, A.; Nagel, S.J.; Machado, A.G.; Pallavaram, S.; Cheeran, B.J.; Walter, B.L. Directional Stimulation in Parkinsons Disease and Essential Tremor: The Cleveland Clinic Experience. Neuromodulation, 2022, 25(6), 829-835. doi: 10.1111/ner.13374 PMID: 33733515
- Pavese, N.; Tai, Y.F.; Yousif, N.; Nandi, D.; Bain, P.G. Traditional trial and error versus neuroanatomic 3-dimensional image software-assisted deep brain stimulation programming in patients with Parkinson disease. World Neurosurg., 2020, 134, e98-e102. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.09.106 PMID: 31568905
- Kluin, K.J.; Mossner, J.M.; Costello, J.T.; Chou, K.L.; Patil, P.G. Motor speech effects in subthalamic deep brain stimulation for Parkinsons disease. J. Neurosurg., 2022, 137(3), 722-728. doi: 10.3171/2021.12.JNS211729 PMID: 35090126
- Guidetti, M.; Marceglia, S.; Loh, A.; Harmsen, I.E.; Meoni, S.; Foffani, G.; Lozano, A.M.; Moro, E.; Volkmann, J.; Priori, A. Clinical perspectives of adaptive deep brain stimulation. Brain Stimul., 2021, 14(5), 1238-1247. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2021.07.063 PMID: 34371211
- Gagliardo, C.; Ragonese, P.; Iacopino, G.D.; Salemi, G.; Midiri, M.; DAmelio, M. Transcranial magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy as a safe treatment option in multiple sclerosis patients with essential tremor. Neurol. Sci., 2021, 42(3), 1139-1143. doi: 10.1007/s10072-020-04841-4 PMID: 33094429
- Bond, A.; Dallapiazza, R.; Huss, D.; Warren, A.; Sperling, S.; Gwinn, R. A randomized, sham-controlled trial of transcranial MR guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy trial for the treatment of tremor-dominant, idiopathic Parkinsons disease. J. Ther. Ultrasound, 2016, 4(1)
- Sperling, S.A.; Shah, B.B.; Barrett, M.J.; Bond, A.E.; Huss, D.S.; Gonzalez, M.J.A.; Elias, W.J. Focused ultrasound thalamotomy in Parkinson disease. Neurology, 2018, 91(14), e1275-e1284. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000006279 PMID: 30158160
- Martínez-Fernández, R.; Máñez-Miró, J.U.; Rodríguez-Rojas, R.; del Álamo, M.; Shah, B.B.; Hernández-Fernández, F.; Pineda-Pardo, J.A.; Monje, M.H.G.; Fernández-Rodríguez, B.; Sperling, S.A.; Mata-Marín, D.; Guida, P.; Alonso-Frech, F.; Obeso, I.; Gasca-Salas, C.; Vela-Desojo, L.; Elias, W.J.; Obeso, J.A. Randomized trial of focused ultrasound subthalamotomy for Parkinsons disease. N. Engl. J. Med., 2020, 383(26), 2501-2513. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2016311 PMID: 33369354
- Jung, N.Y.; Park, C.K.; Kim, M.; Lee, P.H.; Sohn, Y.H.; Chang, J.W. The efficacy and limits of magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound pallidotomy for Parkinsons disease: a Phase I clinical trial. J. Neurosurg., 2018, 1-9. PMID: 30095337
- Eisenberg, H.M.; Krishna, V.; Elias, W.J.; Cosgrove, G.R.; Gandhi, D.; Aldrich, C.E.; Fishman, P.S. MR-guided focused ultrasound pallidotomy for Parkinsons disease: safety and feasibility. J. Neurosurg., 2020, 135(3), 1-7. PMID: 33481557
- de Andrade, E.M.; Ghilardi, M.G.; Cury, R.G.; Barbosa, E.R.; Fuentes, R.; Teixeira, M.J.; Fonoff, E.T. Spinal cord stimulation for Parkinsons disease: a systematic review. Neurosurg. Rev., 2016, 39(1), 27-35. doi: 10.1007/s10143-015-0651-1 PMID: 26219854
- Zhou, P.B.; Bao, M. Spinal cord stimulation treatment for freezing of gait in Parkinsons disease: A case report. Brain Stimul., 2022, 15(1), 76-77. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2021.11.011 PMID: 34798352
- Pinto de Souza, C.; Hamani, C.; Oliveira Souza, C.; Lopez Contreras, W.O.; dos Santos Ghilardi, M.G.; Cury, R.G.; Reis Barbosa, E.; Jacobsen Teixeira, M.; Talamoni, F.E. Spinal cord stimulation improves gait in patients with Parkinsons disease previously treated with deep brain stimulation. Mov. Disord., 2017, 32(2), 278-282. doi: 10.1002/mds.26850 PMID: 27862267
- Fénelon, G.; Goujon, C.; Gurruchaga, J.M.; Cesaro, P.; Jarraya, B.; Palfi, S.; Lefaucheur, J.P. Spinal cord stimulation for chronic pain improved motor function in a patient with Parkinsons disease. Parkinsonism Relat. Disord., 2012, 18(2), 213-214. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2011.07.015 PMID: 21865071
- Samotus, O.; Parrent, A.; Jog, M. Spinal cord stimulation therapy for gait dysfunction in advanced Parkinsons disease patients. Mov. Disord., 2018, 33(5), 783-792. doi: 10.1002/mds.27299 PMID: 29442369
- Prasad, S.; Aguirre-Padilla, D.H.; Poon, Y.Y.; Kalsi-Ryan, S.; Lozano, A.M.; Fasano, A. Spinal cord stimulation for very advanced Parkinsons disease: a 1-year prospective trial. Mov. Disord., 2020, 35(6), 1082-1083. doi: 10.1002/mds.28065 PMID: 32311155
- Hvingelby, V.S.; Højholt Terkelsen, M.; Johnsen, E.L.; Møller, M.; Danielsen, E.H.; Henriksen, T.; Glud, A.N.; Tai, Y.; Møller Andersen, A.S.; Meier, K.; Borghammer, P.; Moro, E.; Sørensen, J.C.H.; Pavese, N. Spinal cord stimulation therapy for patients with Parkinsons disease and gait problems (STEP-PD): Study protocol for an exploratory, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled feasibility trial. BMJ Neurology Open, 2022, 4(2), e000333. doi: 10.1136/bmjno-2022-000333 PMID: 36101543
Supplementary files
