Local and Remote Chemogenetic Suppression of Hippocampal Seizures in Rats


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Abstract

Background:Innovative treatments of refractory epilepsy are widely desired, for which chemogenetic technology can provide region- and cell-type-specific modulation with relative noninvasiveness.

Objectives:We aimed to explore the specific applications of chemogenetics for locally and remotely networks controlling hippocampal seizures.

Methods:A virus coding for a modified human Gi-coupled M4 muscarinic receptor (hM4Di) on pyramidal cells was injected into either the right hippocampal CA3 or the bilateral anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT) in rats. After one month, seizures were induced by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) injection into the right CA3. Simultaneously, clozapine-N-oxide (CNO) (2.5 mg/kg) or clozapine (0.1 mg/kg), the specific ligands acting on hM4Di, were injected intraperitoneally. We also set up hM4Di control and clozapine control groups to eliminate the influence of viral transfection and the ligand alone on the experimental results.

Results:For both local and remote controls, the mean seizure duration was significantly reduced upon ligand application in the experimental groups. Seizure frequency, on the other hand, only showed a significant decrease in local control, with a lower frequency in the clozapine group than in the CNO group. Both the effects of CNO and clozapine were time-dependent, and clozapine was faster than CNO in local seizure control.

Conclusion:This study shows the potency of chemogenetics to attenuate hippocampal seizures locally or remotely by activating the transfected hM4Di receptor with CNO or clozapine. ANT is suggested as a potentially safe chemogenetic application target in the epileptic network for focal hippocampal seizures.

About the authors

Donghong Li

Department of Neurology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Xi Yan

Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Yue Xing

, Guangzhou Laboratory

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Jiaqing Yan

College of Electrical and Control Engineering, North China University of Technology

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Junling Wang

, Guangzhou Laboratory

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Herui Zhang

, Guangzhou Laboratory

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Jiaoyang Wang

, Guangzhou Laboratory

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Xiaonan Li

, Guangzhou Laboratory

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Zhumin Su

Department of Neurology, Third Affiliated Hospital,, Sun Yat-sen University

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Horace Loh

, Guangzhou Laboratory

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Xiaofeng Yang

, Guangzhou Laboratory

Author for correspondence.
Email: info@benthamscience.net

Xiaohong Chen

Department of Neurology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University

Author for correspondence.
Email: info@benthamscience.net

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