Principles for assessing the genotoxicity of carbon nanomaterials in vitro (on the example of carbon nanotubes) (literature review)
- 作者: Gabidinova G.F.1, Timerbulatova G.A.1,2, Fatkhutdinova L.M.1
-
隶属关系:
- Kazan State Medical University
- FBUZ «The Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Republic of Tatarstan (Tatarstan)»
- 期: 编号 6 (2021)
- 页面: 16-23
- 栏目: Reviews
- ##submission.datePublished##: 23.12.2021
- URL: https://rjpbr.com/0869-7922/article/view/641388
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.36946/0869-7922-2021-29-6-16-23
- ID: 641388
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Introduction. Genotoxicity of nanomaterials (NM) is becoming a major concern when investigating new NM for their safety. Each mutagen is considered to be potentially carcinogenic, therefore a genotoxicity assessment is necessary. However, a clear strategy for assessing the genotoxic effect of NM has not yet been developed.
Material and methods. The material for the analysis have included literature sources from the bibliographic databases PubMed, Scopus, RSCI.
Results. Physicochemical characterization of NM is carried out using high-resolution microscopic and light scattering methods. Before testing for genotoxicity, it is necessary to know the cytotoxicity of the tested NM in order to select the appropriate concentration range. The most important and significant tests are based on the cell viability. MTT assay is a colorimetric test that evaluates the metabolic activity of cells. In addition, viability can be determined using microscopy, flow cytometry, determination of lactate dehydrogenase. Genotoxicity evaluation can be carried out only after the preliminary steps. The strategy should include genotoxicity endpoints: DNA damage, gene mutations, chromosomal damage. The in vitro mammalian gene mutation test, usually performed using mouse lymphoma cells, detects a wide range of genetic damage, including gene deletions. The most common test for detecting chromosomal damage is an in vitro micronucleus assay. DNA strand breaks are most often assessed using the comet DNA assay.
Conclusion. Compulsory stages in the study of the genotoxicity of nanomaterials should be preliminary studies, including physicochemical characterization and assessment of cytotoxicity, as well as the study of the endpoints of genotoxicity and potential mechanisms.
作者简介
Gulnaz Gabidinova
Kazan State Medical University
编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: gabidinova26@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2616-5017
Postgraduate student, assistant of the Department of Hygiene and Occupational Medicine, Kazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Kazan, 420012, Russian Federation.
e-mail: gabidinova26@yandex.ru
俄罗斯联邦Gyuzel Timerbulatova
Kazan State Medical University; FBUZ «The Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Republic of Tatarstan (Tatarstan)»
Email: ragura@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2479-2474
Ассистент кафедры гигиены, медицины труда ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, 420012, г. Казань; врач по общей гигиене отдела социально-гигиенического мониторинга ФБУЗ Центр гигиены и эпидемиологии в Республике Татарстан (Татарстан)», 420061, г. Казань
e-mail: ragura@mail.ru
俄罗斯联邦Liliya Fatkhutdinova
Kazan State Medical University
Email: liliya.fatkhutdinova@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9506-563X
Gрофессор, доктор медицинских наук, заведующая кафедрой гигиены, медицины труда ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, 420012, г. Казань
e-mail: liliya.fatkhutdinova@gmail.com
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