Modern assessment of copper, lead, cadmium, and nickel concentrations in the water of the Lower Don

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Abstract

Introduction. Anthropogenic impact has affected the state of the lower reaches of the Don River, while reducing the natural reproduction of commercial fish species. Currently, for the conservation and reproduction of commercial fish species, passing and semi-passing fish species are released into the reservoir. Therefore, water quality control, including for the content of heavy metals, of the Lower reaches of the Don is especially important.

Materials and methods. The paper presents data from the analytical testing center of the Azov-Black Sea branch of the Russian Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography. Water samples were collected at eight monitoring stations in the lower reaches of the river. Dissolved forms of metals such as copper, lead, cadmium, and nickel were detected in the samples.

Results. In the course of research, in some samples the concentrations of copper were found to exceed MPC. Such metals as lead, cadmium, and nickel did not exceed MPC throughout the study. Annual and seasonal trend in metal concentrations in water were also established.

Limitations. The limitation of the research of this work lies in the fact that water samples were taken in the lower reaches of the Don River at only 8 monitoring stations, which does not provide complete information on the territory of the entire region.

Conclusion. The content of heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, and nickel in the water of the Lower Don is safe for the purposes of aquaculture and reproduction of commercial species, since no exceedances of MPC were detected. However, the copper content in some water samples exceeded the MPC, which indicates the contamination of the reservoir, as well as the need to carry out a set of measures to purify water in this facility.

Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not require the submission of the conclusion of the biomedical ethics committee or other documents.

Contribution:
Gorgola L.G. – research concept and design, material collection and data processing, statistical processing, text writing;
Barabashin T.O., Denisova T.V. – editing;
Korablina I.V., Gevorkyan Zh.V. – collection and processing of the material.
All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: February 2, 2024 / Revised: April 25, 2024 / Accepted: October 10, 2024 / Published: January 31, 2025

About the authors

Liliay G. Gorgola

The Azov and Black Sea Branch of the Russian Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography; Southern Federal University D.I. Ivanovsky Academy of Biology and Biotechnology of the Southern Federal University

Email: Lilia.Gorgola@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1685-0099

Leading specialist of the Laboratory for Analytical Control of Aquatic Ecosystems, Azov-Black Sea Branch of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Rostov-on-Don, 344002, Russian Federation

e-mail: Lilia.Gorgola@yandex.ru

Timofey O. Barabashin

The Azov and Black Sea Branch of the Russian Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography; Southern Federal University D.I. Ivanovsky Academy of Biology and Biotechnology of the Southern Federal University

Email: tobarabashin@sfedu.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4103-6224

PhD (Biology), Associate Professor of the Department of Zoology, Southern Federal University, D.I. Ivanovsky Academy of Biology and Biotechnology of the Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russian Federation

e-mail: tobarabashin@sfedu.ru

Irina V. Korablina

The Azov and Black Sea Branch of the Russian Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography

Email: korablinaiv@azniirkh.vniro.ru

Head of the Laboratory for Analytical Control of Aquatic Ecosystems, Azov-Black Sea Branch of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Rostov-on-Don 344002, Russian Federation

e-mail: korablinaiv@azniirkh.vniro.ru

Zhanna V. Gevorkyan

The Azov and Black Sea Branch of the Russian Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography

Email: jannagevorkyan@yandex.ru

Chief Specialist of the Laboratory for Analytical Control of Aquatic Ecosystems, Azov-Black Sea Branch of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Rostov-on-Don, 344002, Russian Federation

e-mail: jannagevorkyan@yandex.ru

Tatyana V. Denisova

Southern Federal University D.I. Ivanovsky Academy of Biology and Biotechnology of the Southern Federal University

Author for correspondence.
Email: tvdenisova@sfedu.ru

DSc (Biology), Professor of the Department of Ecology and Environmental Management, Southern Federal University, D.I. Ivanovsky Academy of Biology and Biotechnology of the Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russian Federation

e-mail: tvdenisova@sfedu.ru

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