Hygienic characteristics of non-specific resistance in children living under the exposure of air pollutants in various climatic conditions

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Abstract

Introduction. On the territory of Russia, in cities with both developed industries and high levels of atmospheric pollution, located in northern climatic regions, a complex of hygienic problems has been formed that negatively affect the sanitary and epidemiological well-being and health of the population. The article presents the results of studying the nature of the combined effects of atmospheric air pollutants (Pinigin P index) and climatic conditions (WBGT-index) on individual indices of non-specific resistance in 5-6 year children. 

Materials and methods. To characterize the climatic conditions, the climatic indices were used (the coefficient of northernness of the Cs, the coefficient of continentality of the Sc, the index of climate severity SO, the Bodman weather severity index, as well as the WBGT, used in the armed forces for the climatic characteristics of the territory. To study non-specific resistance non-invasive methods were used: determination of bactericidal activity, bacterial contamination of the surface and deep layers of the skin, saliva lysozyme activity, and a thiol-disulfide test. 

Results. The combination of the adverse effects of a high level of anthropogenic air pollution and northern climatic conditions was found to have a more pronounced negative effect on non-specific resistance in children. A list of non-invasive indices sensitive to the adverse effects of the environment in areas with polluted atmospheric air in combination with northern climatic characteristics, including the integral feature of the functional state of the cardiorespiratory system (the Harvard step test index), indices of non-specific resistance (bactericidal activity of the skin, the state of the thiol-disulfide system of saliva) was formed.

Conclusion. The more pronounced negative impact of the combination of high levels of anthropogenic air pollution and northern climatic conditions should be taken into account when organizing medical care for children and ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population exposed to the combined effects of anthropogenic pressure and northern climatic conditions.

Contribution:

Kopytenkova O.I. — concept and design of the study, editing, approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article;

Levanchuk A.V. — concept and design of the study, collection and processing of material, statistical processing, writing text, editing. 

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.

About the authors

Olga I. Kopytenkova

North-West Public Health Research Centre; St. Petersburg State University; St. Petersburg State University of Railway Transport

Author for correspondence.
Email: 5726164@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8412-5457

MD, PhD, DSci., professor, chief researcher, Department of public health risk analysis, North-West Public Health Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, 191036, Russian Federation.

e-mail: 5726164@mail.ru

Russian Federation

Alexander V. Levanchuk

St. Petersburg State University of Railway Transport

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2062-7401
Russian Federation

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