Integral indicators of cardiotoxicity of lead and cadmium on the background of physical activity

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Abstract

Introduction. Modern metallurgical production is characterized by mixed exposure of workers to harmful chemicals, of which lead and cadmium are the most common. A high physical workload is yet another occupational risk factor for metallurgists.

Objective. Experimental study of effects of lead or cadmium and physical load on integral indicators of cardiotoxicity in rats.

Materials and methods. We have carried out two 6-week experiments on rats to study integral indicators of cardiotoxicity of lead or cadmium and their changes under effect of physical activity. Solutions of lead or cadmium salts were administered intraperitoneally three times a week. Physical workload was simulated on a treadmill (10 min/day, 5 days a week). At the end of the experiment, electrocardiogram and blood pressure parameters were registered non-invasively.

Results. Lead and cadmium had a cardiotoxic effect manifested by ECG changes. No pronounced hemodynamic changes were observed in our studies. According to ECG parameters, physical load slightly mitigates cardiotoxic effects of lead, but enhances manifestations of cadmium toxicity.

Limitations. Data comparison can be affected by the fact that both outbred and inbred rats were used in the experiments. Caution should be taken when extrapolating animal data to humans since electrophysiological processes in the work of the heart differ in small rodents and large mammals.

Conclusion. The established ambiguity of the impact of the physical workload on cardiotoxic effects of heavy metals necessitates further studies of this problem.

Compliance with ethical standards. The studies were approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers (protocol No. 8 of November 8, 2018, protocol No. 4 of September 30, 2022).

Contribution:
Klinova S.V. — the concept and design of the study, collection and processing of material, statistical processing, writing a text; Minigalieva I.A. — the concept and design of the study, editing;
Sutunkova M.P. — the concept and design of the study;
Shabardina L.V. — editing. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: October 3, 2023 / Accepted: November 15, 2023 / Published: December 8, 2023

Keywords

About the authors

Svetlana V. Klinova

Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers

Author for correspondence.
Email: klinova.svetlana@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0927-4062

MD, PhD, Head of the Laboratory of Industrial Toxicology, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation

e-mail: klinovasv@ymrc.ru

Russian Federation

Ilzira A. Minigalieva

Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0097-7845

Доктор биологических наук, заведующий отделом токсикологии и биопрофилактики, ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский-научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Российская Федерация

Russian Federation

Marina P. Sutunkova

Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1743-7642

Доктор медицинских наук, директор ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский-научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Российская Федерация

Russian Federation

Lada V. Shabardina

Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8284-0008

Младший научный сотрудник отдела токсикологии и биопрофилактики, ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский-научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Роспотребнадзора, 620014, Екатеринбург, Российская Федерация

Russian Federation

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