Evaulation of Polymorphism of the Immune System Genes  TNF  and  TLR2  in Cattle

L. A. Kalashnikova; Калашникова Л. А.; I. E. Bagal; Багаль И. Е.; N. E. Murugina; Муругина Н. Е.; V. E. Kalashnikov; Калашников В. Е.; R. Yu. Senina; Сенина Р. Ю.

doi:10.31857/S0016675824120079

Evaulation of Polymorphism of the Immune System Genes TNF and TLR2 in Cattle

Authors: Kalashnikova L.A.¹, Bagal I.E.¹, Murugina N.E.², Kalashnikov V.E.¹, Senina R.Y.¹
Affiliations:
1. All-Russian Research Institute of Animal Breeding
2. National Research Center “Institute of Immunology”
Issue: Vol 60, No 12 (2024)
Pages: 66–74
Section: ГЕНЕТИКА ЖИВОТНЫХ
URL: https://rjpbr.com/0016-6758/article/view/676596
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S0016675824120079
EDN: https://elibrary.ru/waawue
ID: 676596

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Abstract

In this article the results of genotyping of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) genes among 644 heads of cattle of six breeds belonging to four different genetic roots are presented. The Kholmogory and Holstein breeds of black-and-white root, the Ayrshire breed of red root, the Kostroma and Brown Swiss breed of brown root and the fawn Simmental breed were studied. The PCR-RFLP method was used to identify alleles and genotypes. Significant differences in allele frequency of the TNF and TLR2 genes were observed between breeds of different genetic roots (p < 0.001) and between breeds of dairy and dairy-meat productivity (p < 0.001). In five of the six cattle breeds studied, the predominance of the TLR2^T allele was revealed. The highest frequency of the TLR2^T allele (0.99) was found in the Ayrshire breed. The herd of Ayrshire cows is close to being monomorphic for the TLR2 gene, 98% of the animals have the homozygous TLR2^TT genotype. A more uniform distribution of alleles and genotypes for the TLR2 gene was found in black-and-white animals: in Holstein cattle the average frequency of the TLR2^T allele was 0.78, in Kholmogory cattle it was 0.83. The TLR2^TT genotype was detected in the majority of Holstein (61%) and Kholmogory (69%) cows. The frequency of the TLR2^T allele in the Simmental breed was 0.62, in the Kostroma breed – 0.67. In Simmental and Kostroma cows, the heterozygous TLR2^TGgenotype is more common (54 and 47% respectively). A different picture of the distribution of allele and genotype frequencies was revealed in Brown Swiss animals. The TLR2^T allele frequency averages 0.26. More than half of Brown Swiss cows (55%) are homozygous for TLR2^GG. In all breeds, the TNF^B allele predominated with a frequency of occurrence ranging from 0.61 in Holstein cattle to 0.98 in the Brown Swiss breed. A high frequency of the TNF^B allele was found in the Kostroma (0.94), Ayrshire (0.885) and Simmental (0.80) breeds. In the Kholmogory breed, the average frequency of the TNF^B allele was 0.72. The highest frequency of the TNF^BB genotype was found in Brown Swiss herds (96%). The predominance of the homozygous TNF^BB genotype was revealed in Kholmogory (53%), Simmental (62%), Ayrshire (77%) and Kostroma cattle (87.5%). In Holstein cows, the majority of animals (53%) carry the heterozygous TNF^АВ genotype. In three breeds – Ayrshire, Kostroma and Brown Swiss, the TNF^AA genotype was not detected.

Keywords

cattle, immune system genes, TNF, TLR2

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