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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Physiotherapy, Balneology and Rehabilitation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Physiotherapy, Balneology and Rehabilitation</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физиотерапия, бальнеология и реабилитация</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1681-3456</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-2969</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">681245</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/rjpbr681245</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">ZBAQYT</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Transcranial Electrical Stimulation for Chronic Post-Mastectomy Pain Syndrome: Analgesic Effect and Changes in Cortisol and β-Endorphin Levels</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Транскраниальная электрическая стимуляция при хроническом болевом синдроме после мастэктомии: анальгетический эффект, изменения уровней кортизола и β-эндорфина</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>乳腺切除术后慢性疼痛综合征中经颅电刺激的应用：镇痛效果及皮质醇与β-内啡肽水平变化</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3061-293X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Strоkov</surname><given-names>Kirill A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Строков</surname><given-names>Кирилл Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Strоkov</surname><given-names>Kirill A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>strokovk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Crimean Republican Oncological Clinical Dispensary named after V.M. Efetov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Крымский республиканский онкологический клинический диспансер им. В.М. Ефетова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Crimean Republican Oncological Clinical Dispensary named after V.M. Efetov</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-06-17" publication-format="electronic"><day>17</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-08-16" publication-format="electronic"><day>16</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>271</fpage><lpage>279</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-05-29"><day>29</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-06-13"><day>13</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjpbr.com/1681-3456/article/view/681245">https://rjpbr.com/1681-3456/article/view/681245</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND<italic>:</italic></bold> Chronic post-mastectomy pain syndrome (CPMPS) affects 20%–50% of patients and significantly impairs quality of life. Venlafaxine is commonly used as part of comprehensive rehabilitation; however, side effects limit its efficacy. Transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) is being considered as a potential alternative.</p> <p><bold>AIM<italic>:</italic></bold> The work aimed to assess the efficacy of transcranial electrical stimulation as an alternative to venlafaxine in reducing pain and improving plasma cortisol and β-endorphin levels in patients with CPMPS within the recommended comprehensive rehabilitation algorithm.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS<italic>: </italic></bold>The study included 90 outpatients with CPMPS randomized into two groups: the treatment group (<italic>n</italic>=45), in which TES was used instead of venlafaxine within the recommended comprehensive rehabilitation algorithm, and the comparison group (<italic>n</italic>=45), which received the recommended algorithm. Efficacy was assessed after 56 days using visual analog scale pain scores and plasma cortisol and β-endorphin levels. The control group included 80 individuals without CPMPS.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS<italic>: </italic></bold>After 56 days of comprehensive rehabilitation, significant intergroup differences were found in the number of patients who achieved complete pain relief (<italic>p</italic>=0.017), as well as in cortisol levels (<italic>p</italic> = 0.001) and β-endorphin levels (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001).</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSIONS<italic>:</italic></bold> The findings support the use of TES as an effective and safe alternative to antidepressant pharmacotherapy in the comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with CPMPS.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Хронический болевой синдром после мастэктомии (ХБСПМ) выявляется у 20–50% пациенток и снижает качество жизни. В составе комплексной реабилитации применяется венлафаксин, однако его эффективность ограничивается побочными эффектами. Транскраниальная электрическая стимуляция (ТЭС) рассматривается как возможная альтернатива.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Изучить эффективность транскраниальной электрической стимуляции, применяемой в качестве альтернативы венлафаксину в рамках рекомендованного алгоритма комплексной реабилитации, в достижении купирования болевого синдрома и нормализации уровней кортизола и β-эндорфина в плазме крови у пациенток с хроническим болевым синдромом после мастэктомии.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> В исследование включены 90 амбулаторных пациенток с ХБСПМ, рандомизированных на две группы: основную (<italic>n</italic>=45), где ТЭС применялась вместо венлафаксина в составе рекомендованного алгоритма комплексной реабилитации, и группу сравнения (<italic>n</italic>=45), где использовался рекомендованный алгоритм. Эффективность оценивалась через 56 дней по данным визуально-аналоговой шкалы боли и уровням кортизола и β-эндорфина в плазме крови. Контрольную группу составили 80 пациенток без ХБСПМ.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Спустя 56 дней комплексной реабилитации получены статистически значимые различия между сформированными группами по числу пациенток, достигших полного купирования боли (<italic>р</italic>=0,017), а также значениям показателей кортизола (<italic>р</italic>=0,001) и β-эндорфина (<italic>р</italic> &lt;0,001).</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Полученные результаты позволяют рассматривать ТЭС как эффективную и безопасную альтернативу антидепрессантной фармакотерапии в составе комплексной реабилитации пациенток с ХБСПМ.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p><bold>论证</bold>。乳腺切除术后慢性疼痛综合征（chronic post-mastectomy pain syndrome, CPMPS）在20–50%的患者中发生，显著降低生活质量。虽然文拉法辛被纳入推荐的综合康复方案，但其疗效受到不良反应的限制。经颅电刺激（transcranial electrical stimulation, TES）被视为一种可能的替代方案。</p> <p><bold>目的</bold>。评估在推荐的综合康复方案中，将经颅电刺激作为替代文拉法辛的干预手段，在缓解乳腺切除术后慢性疼痛综合征患者疼痛症状以及正常化血浆皮质醇和β-内啡肽水平方面的疗效。</p> <p><bold>材料与方法</bold>。本研究共纳入90例CPMPS门诊患者，采用随机分组法分为两组：干预组（n=45） 在推荐的综合康复方案中以TES替代文拉法辛；对照组（n=45）则接受完整的推荐康复方案。于第56天评估干预效果，指标包括疼痛视觉模拟评分及血浆皮质醇与β-内啡肽水平。另设80例无CPMPS患者作为参考对照组。</p> <p><bold>结果</bold>。第56天的综合康复评估显示，研究所设两组在疼痛完全缓解患者人数（p=0.017）、血浆皮质醇水平（p=0.001）和β-内啡肽水平（p&lt;0.001）方面存在统计学显著差异。</p> <p><bold>结论</bold>。研究结果支持将TES视为综合康复方案中一种有效且安全的抗抑郁药替代治疗手段，适用于CPMPS患者。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic post-mastectomy pain syndrome</kwd><kwd>transcranial electrical stimulation</kwd><kwd>pain severity</kwd><kwd>cortisol</kwd><kwd>β-endorphin</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хронический болевой синдром после мастэктомии</kwd><kwd>транскраниальная электрическая стимуляция</kwd><kwd>выраженность боли</kwd><kwd>кортизол</kwd><kwd>β-эндорфин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>乳腺切除术后慢性疼痛综合征</kwd><kwd>经颅电刺激</kwd><kwd>疼痛强度</kwd><kwd>皮质醇</kwd><kwd>β-内啡肽</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Plinsinga ML, Singh B, Rose GL, et al. 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