<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Physiotherapy, Balneology and Rehabilitation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Physiotherapy, Balneology and Rehabilitation</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физиотерапия, бальнеология и реабилитация</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1681-3456</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-2969</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">677004</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/rjpbr677004</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">RDERTM</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Non-pharmacological correction of eating behavior in adolescents with obesity</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Немедикаментозная коррекция пищевого поведения у подростков с ожирением</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>非药物矫正进食行为在青少年肥胖患者中</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8119-0405</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5609-0099</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherednikova</surname><given-names>Kseniya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чередникова</surname><given-names>Ксения Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Cherednikova</surname><given-names>Kseniya A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>iw.nazarenko2012@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8148-526X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5061-1600</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bolotova</surname><given-names>Nina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Болотова</surname><given-names>Нина Викторовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Bolotova</surname><given-names>Nina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>kafedranv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1613-4156</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3390-1811</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Filina</surname><given-names>Natalia Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филина</surname><given-names>Наталья Юрьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Filina</surname><given-names>Natalia Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><email>natalya-filina@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1290-443X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3400-7142</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>Maria G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Мария Геннадьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>Maria G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>383852280@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2878-4561</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3999-3251</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Logacheva</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Логачева</surname><given-names>Ольга Андреевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Logacheva</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>olya.logacheva2015@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3290-9705</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9703-4760</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dronova</surname><given-names>Elena G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дронова</surname><given-names>Елена Геннадьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Dronova</surname><given-names>Elena G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>eldronova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3968-5142</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2329-7443</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomareva</surname><given-names>Elizabeth A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарева</surname><given-names>Елизавета Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Ponomareva</surname><given-names>Elizabeth A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ponomarewaeliz@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Саратовский государственный медицинский университет им. В.И. Разумовского</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-04-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>196</fpage><lpage>207</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-10"><day>10</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-04-01"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjpbr.com/1681-3456/article/view/677004">https://rjpbr.com/1681-3456/article/view/677004</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> In the 21st century, childhood obesity has reached the level of a global non-communicable epidemic. Current scientific research demonstrates a strong association between obesity and impaired cognitive control of food intake, i.e., disordered eating behavior. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex plays an important integrative role in the regulation of eating behavior. Noninvasive brain stimulation techniques targeting this area using preformed physical factors represent a promising avenue in the multimodal treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> The work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of transcranial magnetotherapy and combined transcranial magnetolaser therapy in correcting eating behavior in adolescents with obesity.</p> <p><bold>METHODS:</bold> A prospective observational randomized controlled study was conducted, involving a comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination of 60 adolescents aged 12–15 years with primary obesity. Assessments included physical and sexual development, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism parameters, hormonal status, types of disordered eating behavior, and appetite perception. All participants received education on nutrition and physical activity. They were then randomly assigned to three groups: group 1, 25 adolescents received 10 sessions of transcranial magnetotherapy; group 2, 25 adolescents received 10 sessions of transcranial magnetolaser therapy; the comparison group, 10 adolescents received no physiotherapy. Re-evaluation was performed 3 months later using the same protocol.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> Upon first visit, 40% of patients (24) had hyperinsulinemia, 28% (17) had insulin resistance, and 30% (18) had hypercholesterolemia. According to the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, 84% (50) had various types of disordered eating behavior, predominantly combined types. According to the visual analog scale for appetite perception, patients with obesity exhibited pronounced fasting hunger, along with insufficient satiety and gastric fullness following food intake. Three months after treatment, patients who underwent transcranial magnetic and magnetolaser therapy as a form of instrumental eating behavior modulation showed reduced appetite and prolonged satiety on the visual analog scale. This contributed to a decrease in body mass index and normalization of metabolic status.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> Transcranial methods in the multimodal treatment of adolescent obesity help enhance cognitive control over food intake, thereby reducing overeating as a contributing factor in the development and progression of obesity.</p>      </abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> В XXI в. распространённость детского ожирения приобрела масштабы мировой неинфекционной эпидемии. Согласно данным современных исследований, доказано наличие тесной взаимосвязи между развитием ожирения и нарушением когнитивного контроля над приёмом пищи, то есть расстройством пищевого поведения. Известно, что важная интегративная роль в регуляции пищевого поведения принадлежит структурам префронтальной дорсолатеральной коры головного мозга. Использование методов неинвазивной стимуляции мозга путём воздействия преформированных факторов на вышеуказанные структуры является перспективным направлением в комплексном лечении ожирения и метаболического синдрома.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Оценить эффективность использования транскраниальной магнитотерапии и сочетанной транскраниальной магнитолазерной терапии в коррекции пищевого поведения у подростков с ожирением.</p> <p><bold>Материалы</bold><bold> </bold><bold>и</bold><bold> </bold><bold>методы.</bold><bold> </bold>Проведено обсервационное проспективное выборочное контролируемое рандомизированное исследование, включающее комплексное клинико-лабораторное обследование 60 подростков 12–15 лет с экзогенно-конституциональным ожирением. Проведена оценка физического и полового развития, показателей углеводного, жирового обменов, гормонального статуса, типов нарушения пищевого поведения и ощущения аппетита. Все пациенты прошли обучение по вопросам организации питания и физической активности. Затем методом простой рандомизации они были разделены на три группы: 1-я группа — 25 подростков, которые получили 10 сеансов транскраниальной магнитотерапии, 2-я группа — 25 подростков, которые получили 10 сеансов транскраниальной магнитолазеротерапии, группа сравнения — 10 подростков, не получавших физиотерапию. Повторное обследование по вышеуказанному алгоритму было проведено через 3 мес.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> При первичном обращении у 40% (24) подростков с ожирением выявлена гиперинсулинемия, у 28% (17) — инсулинорезистентность, у 30% (18) — гиперхолестеринемия. При оценке пищевого поведения по DEBQ у 84% (50) пациентов выявлены различные виды нарушения пищевого поведения, преобладали комбинированные типы. По данным визуальной аналоговой шкалы ощущения аппетита у пациентов с ожирением отмечено обострённое чувство голода натощак, недостаточная выраженность чувства насыщения и наполненности желудка после приёма пищи. Через 3 мес. у пациентов, получивших курс аппаратной коррекции пищевого поведения в виде транскраниальной магнитотерапии и транскраниальной магнитолазеротерапии, отмечено снижение аппетита и пролонгирование чувства насыщения по данным визуальной аналоговой шкалы. Это способствовало снижению индекса массы тела пациентов и нормализации метаболического статуса.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold><bold> </bold>Применение транскраниальных методов в комплексной терапии пациентов с ожирением способствует усилению когнитивного контроля над приёмом пищи, что позволяет нивелировать переедание как фактор развития и прогрессирования ожирения.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>背景。进入21世纪以来，儿童肥胖已呈现出全球性非传染性流行趋势。现代研究证实，肥胖的发生与认知对进食控制能力的受损密切相关，表现为进食行为紊乱。已有研究表明，大脑背外侧前额叶皮层在进食行为调控中具有重要的整合作用。利用预设的物理因子对上述脑区进行非侵入性神经刺激，成为治疗肥胖和代谢综合征的前景方向。</p> <p>目的。 评估经颅磁疗及联合经颅磁激光疗法在矫正青少年肥胖患者进食行为中的疗效。</p> <p>材料与方法。本研究为一项前瞻性、随机、对照的观察性研究，纳入60名12–15岁原发性肥胖青少年。评估内容包括身体与性发育状况、糖脂代谢参数、激素水平、进食行为类型及主观食欲感评分。所有受试者均接受饮食与运动干预培训，随后采用简单随机法分为三组：第1组共25名青少年接受10次经颅磁疗；第2组共25名青少年接受10次联合经颅磁激光疗法；对照组共10名青少年未接受任何物理治疗。所有患者于治疗3个月后接受同样项目的复查评估。</p> <p>结果。初次就诊时，40%（共24人）的青少年患有高胰岛素血症，28%（17人）存在胰岛素抵抗，30%（18人）存在高胆固醇血症。根据DEBQ量表，84%的患者存在进食行为异常，其中以混合型为主。根据视觉模拟评分法评估，肥胖青少年在空腹时饥饿感明显，餐后饱腹感及胃部充盈感不足。3个月后，接受经颅磁疗或经颅磁激光疗法等仪器性进食行为干预的患者，在视觉模拟评分中表现出食欲下降和饱腹感持续时间延长。这促进了患者体质指数的下降及代谢状态的改善。</p> <p>结论。在肥胖患者的综合治疗中应用经颅刺激方法，有助于增强对进食的认知控制，从而消除暴食这一肥胖发生与发展的促进因素。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>primary obesity</kwd><kwd>adolescents</kwd><kwd>transcranial magnetotherapy</kwd><kwd>magnetolaser therapy</kwd><kwd>disordered eating behavior</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экзогенно-конституциональное ожирение</kwd><kwd>подростки</kwd><kwd>транскраниальная магнитотерапия</kwd><kwd>магнитолазеротерапия</kwd><kwd>нарушение пищевого поведения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>原发性肥胖</kwd><kwd>青少年</kwd><kwd>经颅磁疗</kwd><kwd>磁激光疗法</kwd><kwd>进食行为障碍</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>GBD 2016 Risk Factors Collaborators. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet. 2017;390(10100):1345–1422. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32366-8</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Mirgorodskaya OV, Golubev NA, Ogryzko EV, et al. Morbidity of obesity in children aged 0-17 years in the Russian Federation in the period 2018–2023. Current problems of health care and medical statistics. 2024;(3):236–251. doi: 10.24412/2312-2935-2024-3-236-251 EDN: HXTAKV</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Fernández-Aranda F, Granero R, Jiménez-Murcia S. Editorial: Neurological, psychological and endocrine markers of eating disorders and obesity Front Nutr. 2023;10:1289370. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1289370</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Bullivant B, Denham AR, Stephens C, et al. Elucidating knowledge and beliefs about obesity and eating disorders among key stakeholders: paving the way for an integrated approach to health promotion. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1):1681. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7971-y</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Obeid N, Flament MF, Buchholz A, et al. Examining shared pathways for eating disorders and obesity in a community sample of adolescents: the REAL study. Front Psychol. 2022;13:805596. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.805596</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Kim OT, Dadaeva VA, Eliashevich SO, Drapkina OM. Hedonistic polyphagia as a cause of obesity: when the brain does not control the body. Russian Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. 2022;25(4):74–81. doi: 10.17116/profmed20222504174 EDN: HPCZDK</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Liu CM, Kanoski SE Homeostatic and non-homeostatic controls of feeding behavior: Distinct vs. common neural systems. Physiol Behav. 2018;193:(Pt B)223–231. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.02.011</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Gmoshinski IV, Apryatin SA, Shipelin VA, Nikitjuk DB. Neurotransmitters and neuropeptides are biomarkers of metabolic disorders in obesity. Problems of Endocrinology. 2018;64(4):258–269. doi: 10.14341/probl9466</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Polikanova IS, Balan PV, Balan VE. Cognitive and brain mechanisms of overeating behavior in obese women. Russian Bulletin of Obstetrician-Gynecologist. 2023;23(4):96–103. doi: 10.17116/rosakush20232304196 EDN PNSPPY</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Ester T, Kullmann S. Neurobiological regulation of eating behavior: Evidence based on non-invasive brain stimulation. Rev Endocr Metab Disords. 2022;23(4):753–772. doi: 10.1007/s11154-021-09697-3</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Lowe CJ, Reichelt AC, Hall PA. The prefrontal cortex and obesity: a health neuroscience perspective. Trends Cogn Sci. 2019;23(4):349–361. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2019.01.005</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Donofry SD, Stillman CM, Erickson KI. A review of the relationship between eating behavior, obesity and functional brain network organization. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2020;15(10):1157–1181. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsz085</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Brooks SJ, Cedernaes J, Schiöth HB. Increased prefrontal and parahippocampal activation with reduced dorsolateral prefrontal and insular cortex activation to food images in obesity: a meta-analysis of fMRI studies. PloS One. 2013;8(4):e60393. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060393</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Anzman SL, Birch LL. Low inhibitory control and restrictive feeding practices predict weight outcomes. J Pediat. 2009;155(5):651–656. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.04.052</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Ponomarenko GN, Bolotova NV, Raigorodsky YuM. Transcranial magnetic therapy. St. Petersburg: Chelovek; 2016. 152 р. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Protasio MI, da Silva JP, Arias-Carrión О, et al. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to treat substance use disorders and compulsive behavior. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2015;14(3):331–340. doi: 10.2174/1871527314666150318114043</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Devoto F, Ferrulli A, Zapparoli L, et al. Repetitive deep TMS for the reduction of body weight: Bimodal effect on the functional brain connectivity in "diabesity". Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2021;31(6):1860–1870. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.02.015</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Song S, Zilverstand A, Gui W, еt al. Effects of single-session versus multi-session non-invasive brain stimulation on craving and consumption in individuals with drug addiction, eating disorders or obesity: A meta-analysis. Brain Stimul. 2019;12(3):606–618. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.975</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Kuznetsova PI, Logvinova OV, Poydasheva AG, еt al. Navigated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to correct eating behavior in obesity (clinical cases). Ozhirenie i metabolizm. 2020;17(1):100–109. doi: 10.14341/omet10148 EDN: DRSUIX</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
