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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Physiotherapy, Balneology and Rehabilitation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Physiotherapy, Balneology and Rehabilitation</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физиотерапия, бальнеология и реабилитация</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1681-3456</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2413-2969</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">61930</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/rjpbr61930</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading"><subject>Обзоры литературы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Physical rehabilitation of elderly patients with acute cerebrovascular accident. Literature review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физическая реабилитация пожилых пациентов, перенёсших острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения. Литературный обзор</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2948-9666</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4344-0290</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Martsiyash</surname><given-names>Alexey A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марцияш</surname><given-names>Алексей Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>lillast@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3269-9018</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5854-6890</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Moses</surname><given-names>Vadim G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мозес</surname><given-names>Вадим Гельевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><email>lillast@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2906-6217</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7479-6695</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Moses</surname><given-names>Kira B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мозес</surname><given-names>Кира Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Assistant</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент</p></bio><email>lillast@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1767-7320</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6984-2066</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lastochkina</surname><given-names>Lilia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ласточкина</surname><given-names>Лилия Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент</p></bio><email>lillast@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kemerovo State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Кемеровский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-07-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>357</fpage><lpage>366</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-02-26"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-05-11"><day>11</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Эко-Вектор"</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjpbr.com/1681-3456/article/view/61930">https://rjpbr.com/1681-3456/article/view/61930</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A sharp increase in life expectancy over the past century has led to a significant increase in demand for long-term medical and social care.</p> <p>With aging, the reactivity of the body to the effects of the external environment changes, in particular, a decrease in resistance to pathogenic factors. Older people have chronic diseases (cardiovascular system, respiratory and digestive organs, central nervous system, joints, organs of vision and hearing, as well as diabetes, oncological diseases, etc.) that reduce physical and social activity.</p> <p>Vascular diseases of the brain remain one of the most acute medical and social problems that cause enormous damage to society. A special place among them is occupied by cerebral stroke due to the high mortality rate, significant disability and social maladaptation of elderly patients. According to modern data, at least 1/3 of stroke patients develop motor function disorders on average. These disorders significantly worsen the daily functioning of the quality of life.</p> <p>The aim of rehabilitation of elderly patients who have suffered a stroke is to return the patient to active social and household activities, create optimal conditions for his active participation in society and, ultimately, improve the quality of life of both the patient and his relatives. The task of psychological and physical recovery, social and labor adaptation of post-stroke patients is most successfully solved in the system of complex multidisciplinary rehabilitation. The lack of timely restorative treatment leads to irreversible anatomical and functional changes and a violation of the psychoemotional status of a person.</p> <p>Evidence has been provided that physical rehabilitation measures for elderly patients can significantly improve the indicators of physical, mental and social functioning without increasing the risk of undesirable effects. Successful and safe interventions have made it possible to achieve the goal of rehabilitation, increasing the functional status of elderly patients and independence in everyday life, as well as reducing the burden of the disease for both the individual and his family and society as a whole.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Резкое увеличение продолжительности жизни за последнее столетие привело к значительному увеличению спроса на долгосрочную медико-социальную помощь.</p> <p>При старении меняется реактивность организма на воздействие внешней среды, в частности снижение устойчивости к болезнетворным факторам. Лица старшего возраста имеют хронические заболевания (сердечно-сосудистой системы, органов дыхания и пищеварения, центральной нервной системы, суставов, органов зрения и слуха, а также диабет, онкологические заболевания и др.), снижающие физическую и социальную активность.</p> <p>Сосудистые заболевания головного мозга остаются одной из острейших медико-социальных проблем, наносящих огромный ущерб обществу. Особое место среди них занимает церебральный инсульт в связи с высоким уровнем летальности, значительной инвалидизацией и социальной дезадаптацией пожилых пациентов. По современным данным, в среднем у 1/3 пациентов, перенёсших инсульт, формируются нарушения двигательной функции. Эти нарушения значительно ухудшают качество жизни.</p> <p>Целью реабилитации пожилых пациентов, перенёсших инсульт, является возвращение пациента к активной социально-бытовой деятельности, создание оптимальных условий для его активного участия в жизни общества и, в конечном итоге, улучшение качества жизни как самого больного, так и его родственников. Задача психологического и физического восстановления, социального и трудового приспособления постинсультных больных наиболее успешно решается в системе комплексной мультидисциплинарной реабилитации. Отсутствие своевременного восстановительного лечения ведёт к необратимым анатомическим и функциональным изменениям и нарушению психоэмоционального статуса человека.</p> <p>Предоставлены доказательства того, что мероприятия по физической реабилитации пожилых пациентов могут значительно улучшать показатели физического, психического и социального функционирования без увеличения риска нежелательных эффектов. Успешные и безопасные вмешательства позволили достичь цели реабилитации, увеличив функциональный статус пожилых пациентов и независимость в повседневной жизни, снизив бремя болезни как для самого человека, так и его семьи и общества в целом.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>stroke</kwd><kwd>physical rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>elderly patients</kwd><kwd>activity in everyday life</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инсульт</kwd><kwd>физическая реабилитация</kwd><kwd>пожилые пациенты</kwd><kwd>активность в повседневной жизни</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision, Press Release [3 May 2011]. World Population to reach 10 billion by 2100 if Fertility in all Countries Converges to Replacement Level. 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