Russian Journal of Physiotherapy, Balneology and RehabilitationRussian Journal of Physiotherapy, Balneology and RehabilitationФизиотерапия, бальнеология и реабилитация1681-34562413-2969Eco-Vector11176410.17816/rjpbr111764ReviewОбзорыReview ArticleSports with epilepsy: is possible or not. Literature reviewСпорт при эпилепсии: можно или нельзя. Обзор литературыhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3643-982X3434-9150Al-ZamilMustafa Kh.Аль-ЗамильМустафа Халилович
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

д.м.н., профессор

alzamil@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8750-90345105-8330KulikovaNatalia G.КуликоваНаталья Геннадьевна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

д.м.н., профессор

www.kulikova@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3087-30675423-8408VasilevaEkaterina S.ВасильеваЕкатерина Станиславовна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

д.м.н., профессор

e_vasileva@inbox.ruPeoples' Friendship University of RussiaРоссийский университет дружбы народовBrain and Spine ClinicКлиника мозга и позвоночникаNational Medical Research Center for Rehabilitation and BalneologyНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр реабилитации и курортологииPetrovsky National Research Centre of SurgeryРоссийский научный центр хирургии имени академика Б.В. ПетровскогоMoscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. EvdokimovМосковский государственный медико-стоматологический университет имени А.И. Евдокимова041220222132072150810202203112022Copyright ©; 2022, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2022, ООО "Эко-Вектор"2022Eco-VectorООО "Эко-Вектор"https://rjpbr.com/1681-3456/article/view/111764

Epilepsy affects people of all ages and is a common disease. This neurological syndrome is determined by two or more spontaneous, unprovoked seizures that occur at least a day apart. The urgency of the problem lies in the serious adverse effects of epilepsy on the social and psychological well-being of patients.

This literature review discusses the main positions of modern epileptology in relation to sports for patients with epilepsy. The most recent clinical and experimental studies proving the safety of sports for patients with epilepsy and the positive effect of sports on reducing the number of epileptic seizures and improving the quality of life are listed. The antieleptic mechanisms of sports were demonstrated as hippocampal activation, stress realization, antiepileptic properties of acidosis, increased concentration of adenosine in brain tissues, release of β-endorphins and inhibition of the kindling effect. Also in this obor are sports that cannot be practiced with epilepsy.

The opinion of epileptologists in Russia about sports in epilepsy does not differ from the opinion of most epileptologists of the modern world, and therefore patients are allowed to visit gyms and swimming pools in the presence of an instructor.

Эпилепсия поражает людей всех возрастов и является распространённым заболеванием. Данный неврологический синдром определяют по двум и более спонтанным, неспровоцированным припадкам, возникающим с промежутком не менее суток. Актуальность проблемы заключается в серьёзном неблагоприятном воздействии эпилепсии на социальное и психологическое благополучие пациентов.

В представленном обзоре обсуждаются основные позиции современной эпилептологии в отношении занятий спортом. Приводятся самые последние клинические и экспериментальные исследования, доказывающие не только безопасность занятий спортом для пациентов с эпилепсией, но и положительный эффект спорта в виде снижения количества эпилептических приступов и улучшения качества жизни. Продемонстрированы антиэпилептические механизмы при занятиях спортом (активация гиппокампа, реализация стресса), антиэпилептические свойства ацидоза (повышение концентрации аденозина в тканях головного мозга, выброс β-эндорфинов и торможение киндлинг-эффекта). Сообщается о видах спорта, которыми нельзя заниматься при эпилепсии.

Мнение эпилептологов России по поводу занятий спортом при эпилепсии не отличается от мнения большинства эпилептологов современного мира, в связи с чем больным разрешается посещение спортзалов и бассейнов в присутствии инструктора.

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