Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput ScreeningCombinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput ScreeningCombinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening1386-20731875-5402Bentham Science64454810.2174/0113862073266300231026103844ChemistryResearch ArticlePatterns of Gene Expression Profiles Associated with Colorectal Cancer in Colorectal Mucosa by Using Machine Learning MethodsRenJinginfo@benthamscience.netChenLeiinfo@benthamscience.netGuoWeiinfo@benthamscience.netFengKaiinfo@benthamscience.netCaiYu-Donginfo@benthamscience.netHuangTaoinfo@benthamscience.netSchool of Life Sciences, Shanghai UniversityCollege of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime UniversityKey Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) & Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Department of Computer Science, Guangdong AIB PolytechnicBio-Med Big Data Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences0110202427192921293407012025Copyright ©; 2024, Bentham Science Publishers2024Bentham Science Publishershttps://rjpbr.com/1386-2073/article/view/644548

Background:Colorectal cancer (CRC) has a very high incidence and lethality rate and is one of the most dangerous cancer types. Timely diagnosis can effectively reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer. Changes in para-cancerous tissues may serve as an early signal for tumorigenesis. Comparison of the differences in gene expression between para-cancerous and normal mucosa can help in the diagnosis of CRC and understanding the mechanisms of development.

Objectives:This study aimed to identify specific genes at the level of gene expression, which are expressed in normal mucosa and may be predictive of CRC risk.

Methods:A machine learning approach was used to analyze transcriptomic data in 459 samples of normal colonic mucosal tissue from 322 CRC cases and 137 non-CRC, in which each sample contained 28,706 gene expression levels. The genes were ranked using four ranking methods based on importance estimation (LASSO, LightGBM, MCFS, and mRMR) and four classification algorithms (decision tree [DT], K-nearest neighbor [KNN], random forest [RF], and support vector machine [SVM]) were combined with incremental feature selection [IFS] methods to construct a prediction model with excellent performance.

Result:The top-ranked genes, namely, HOXD12, CDH1, and S100A12, were associated with tumorigenesis based on previous studies.

Conclusion:This study summarized four sets of quantitative classification rules based on the DT algorithm, providing clues for understanding the microenvironmental changes caused by CRC. According to the rules, the effect of CRC on normal mucosa can be determined.

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