Karyotype and molecular genetic differentiation of a 24-chromosomal form of the gray hamster Nothocricetulus migratorius from the Tien Shan

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The widespread Palaearctic rodent species gray hamster Nothocricetulus migratorius has a karyotype with a stable number of chromosomes 2n = 22 throughout the entire range of its habitat. We found gray hamsters with diploid number of chromosomes 2n = 24 locally distributed in the Qurama Ridge of the Tyan Shan. A new karyotype and analysis of G- and NORs-bands of differentially stained chromosome sets were described for the first time. The described karyotype differs from the 22-chromosomal karyotype of gray hamsters by the Y-chromosome morphology and the presence of an additional pair of heteromorphic small chromosomes. Molecular genetic analysis revealed genetic divergence of 24- and 22-chromosomal forms of N. migratorius, and the differences between them in mitochondrial markers are comparable, and in nuclear markers exceed the differences between C. barabensis (2n = 20) and C. psevdogriseus (2n = 24). The data obtained give grounds to discuss the taxonomic status of the 24-chromosomal form of gray hamsters from the Qurama Ridge and consider the differentiation of N. migratorius karyomorphs as a stage of chromosomal speciation.

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O. Brandler

Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: rusmarmot@yandex.ru
俄罗斯联邦, 119334, Moscow

A. Blekhman

Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: rusmarmot@yandex.ru
俄罗斯联邦, 119334, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Karyotype of the male gray hamster N. migratorius 2n = 24. a – routine coloration, b – G-coloration, c – Ag-NOR-coloration. The arrows indicate the position of the YAP, the chromosome with the YAP on both shoulders is underlined. Cladograms of combined nucleotide sequences of hamsters based on the results of ML analysis: g – mtDNA (cytb and COI), d–nucleotide (BGN and C-myc). The numbers in the branch names correspond to the registration numbers of the samples in the IBR KTZ. The numbers at the nodes indicate bootstrap support indexes.

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